Travel Photo

What was used to leave imprints/sun pictures?

Silver nitrate

What year did travel photography start?

1600

__ first photograph in history

1826

Who took the first photo in 1826?

Joseph Nicephore Niepce

__ first picture with a human in it

1838

__ first portrait

1839

First portrait done by …

Robert Cornelius

__ sequence of photos of horse running

1879

Horse running sequence by …

Edward Muybridge

1 shot negatives

Glass pane painted with silver nitrate, left to dry in darkness

Julia Margaret Cameron

Took potraits of neighbors, ground breaker in a bad way, way ahead of her time

What was Julia Margaret Cameron known for?

Blocking skylights to form spotlights on her subjects, against the norm of wanting enough light/lighted backgrounds; subjects not always looking at the camera

Lewis Carroll

Gave up joining a church as a bishop to pursue writing and photography, wrote Alice in Wonderland

What was John Carroll known for?

Photographing children to represent purity, which was against the norm

First cameras in 1826

Box with a hole

Cameras in 1838

Glass crystal and lid with a pressable shutter

__ George Eastman made the __ camera

1900, Kodak (boxed brownies)

__ color photography was invented

1942

__ reflex system made

1955

What is a reflex system?

Looking inside one direction and taking a picture out the other end, image reflected with a mirror; in current cameras

Exposure meter ideal range to be in

-1 to +1

What does negative exposure mean?

Not enough light, black/underexposed

What does positive exposure mean?

Too much light, white/overexposed

Three things to alter exposure

Aperture, shutter speed, ISO

Aperture

Size of camera hole to let light in

Sizes of aperture

(large hole) F4, F5.6, F8, F16, F22, F32 (small hole)

Smaller aperture (larger #)…

Lets in less light, makes exposure more negative

Larger aperture (smaller #)…

Lets in more light, makes exposure more positive

Aperture to focus on things close and far (focus more things)

Narrow aperture/wide depth of field, smaller/bigger #

Aperture to focus close (focuses less things)

Wide aperture/shallow depth of field, larger/smaller #

Shutter speed

Fractions of seconds it takes to take the picture

Shutter speed times

(slow) 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500 (fast)

Slower S/S (1/smaller #)…

Makes exposure more positive, more light

Faster S/S (1/larger #)…

Makes exposure more negative, less light

ISO

Sensitivity to light

ISO numbers

(less sensitive) 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200 (more sensitive)

Lower ISO/less sensitive

Less light in, makes exposure more negative

Higher ISO/more sensitive

Lets more light in, makes exposure more positive

Main steps to advance photography

Projection to be traced turned into full projection and copy; negatives that could be reproduced/copied

[M] shooting mode

Manual, select aperture/ISO/SS

[A] or [Av] shooting mode

Aperture priority, select ISO and aperture, semi auto/auto select SS

When is aperture priority shooting mode used

When lighting conditions change quickly (or too lazy to do manual); or when aperture is important like portraits or landscapes

[T] or [Tv] shooting mode

Time priority/shutter priority, select ISO and SS, automatic aperture

When is time priority shooting mode used

Used to prioritize long exposure shot or movement

[P] shooting mode

Programmed automatic, only select ISO, rarely used

[o] shooting mode

Fully automatic, different selections fro what kind of photo is happening

JPG

Joint Photographic Unit, compression of photo, not heavy, can be changed post production but pixels decrease with each change

RAW

All information included, heavy/takes up space/long time to record/need to be changed post production, + = more pixels

JPG+RAW

Records 2 files, one JPG and one RAW

Depth of field

Amount of things in focus in the picture

Effects on depth of field

Aperture, proximity, and lenses

Edward Weston

A founder of photography, black and white, liked wide depth of field, focused on lines/shadows moe than subject, F64 group

Excuse me, can I take a picture?

Scusi, posso fare una foto?

What shooting modes are good for street photography

Aperture or time priority

Composition types

Lines, symmetry, framing, negative space, color, texture, cropping, rule of thirds

Composing with lines

Using lines to draw attention to subject, vanishing points, **tangent lines don’t work

Negative space

Space lacking subject, human subjects look to neg. space to give balance

Rule of thirds

9 square grid, place subject on a line or at intersection of lines

Steve McCurry

Changed connotation of journalism by using bright/saturated color, first westerner to shoot an Afghanistan war/disguised with afghani people, disliked for being too perfect

Denotation

Same word associated with all same thing across languages

Connotation

Meaning of the same word determined by culture

Types of lighting sytels

Split, rembrandt, and butterfly