3.1.1-3.1.4 Biomed

Computer Scientist

The primary goal of a computer scientist is to solve complex problems using computational techniques and algorithms.

Virologist

someone who studies viruses

Epidemiolgist

study trends & health issues, such as chronic illness and disease outbreaks by gathering info

Bacteria

comes through open holes (mouth, ears, nose wounds), disrupts cella and organ functions, prevented by vaccines or antibiotics, example of disease is tuberculosis

Fungi

spores of fungi, causes tissue damage, diagnosed through the the blood, treated through antifungals, example is athletes foot

helminths

consumption of contaminated foods, causes tissue or organ damage, cures w deworming meds, example is tapeworms

prions

meat, med equipment, causes brain damage, meds can slow but no cure, example is jakob disease

protists

ingestion of feces or raw foods, damage to digestive tract, tissues, or organs, prevented through anti-protozoal meds, example is giardiasis

viruses

contracted through touch, saliva, blood, infects other cells, damages host cells and tissues are destroyed, vaccines prevent, examples are flu influenza

how does a virus infect cells?

Virus infects cells by attaching to host cell, injecting genetic material, replicating inside cell, and releasing new viruses to infect other cells

disease

sickness, either temporary or permanent through transmission or genetically

infections

Infections are caused by harmful microorganisms invading the body, leading to illness or disease. They can be viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic.

pathogens

infectetious agents of disease

inherited disease

comes from parents or mutated

infectious disease

spread through other people

host

place that holds the disease

reservoir

place for disease to incubate, ready to spread

susceptible host

vulnerable to disease

chronic

long term condition

congenital

what they are born with

nosocomial

a hospital aquired infection (HAI)

endemic

perpetually present in a community

sporatic

comes and goes in seasons

outbreak

a sudden increase in occurences of disease

epidemic

rapidly spread to a large # of people

pandemic

an epidemic that spread across several countries

First line of defense (innate and nonspecific)

skin and mucus, as well as tears and stomach acid. White blood cells alert and rush to the pathogens, consuming whatever it can. Alerts B cells and T cells

second line (active and specific) steps

T cells arrive, destroying what they can. B cells are alerted and create anti bodies to rapidly and specifically kill the infection

humoral immunity

adaptive immunity from b cells recognizing the pathogen and making an antibody

innate immunity

defensive system what you are born with

adaptive immunity

reacts to new and specific antigens in the body (flu, covid)

passive immunity

when a person already has the antibodies for the disease (vaccines, breast feeding antibodies to baby)