Biases from Memory Limitations

False Memory

The recollection of an event or detail that did not actually occur, or a distortion of an actual event, often due to suggestion or reconstructive memory processes.

Conservatism Bias

The tendency to insufficiently revise one's beliefs in response to new evidence, especially when new information contradicts deeply held prior beliefs.

Serial-Position Effect

The tendency to recall the first items (primacy effect) and last items (recency effect) in a list more accurately than the middle items.

Self-Serving Bias

The tendency to attribute positive events to one's own character or actions (internal factors) but attribute negative events to external factors (e.g., blaming others or circumstances).