Chem 101 — Unit 3

How do ionic bonds form?

Nonmetals take an electron from metals

What elements create ionic bonds?

Metals and nonmetals

What is a polyatomic ion?

Groups of more than one atom that have a charge.

What are some properties of ionic compounds?

High melting points, usually dissolve in water which allows them to conduct electricity.

How do metals bond?

Nuclei are in a sea of electrons.

How does metallic bonding explain malleability?

The sea of electrons allows the nuclei to be moved around either flattened.

How does metallic bonding explain ductility?

The sea of electrons allows the nuclei to be drawn into a thinner group or wire.

Do metals have high or low melting points?

High melting points

What is a covalent bond?

Nonmetals share valence electrons.

What is electronegativity?

Ability of an atom to draw electrons toward itself in a covalent bond.

What are the 4 most electronegative elements?

FONCl

What elements do NOT follow the octet rule?

Boron or any element in Period 3

Why does water have such a high boiling point compared to other substances with similar formulas?

Utilized hydrogen bonding which is a strong IMF

What is the difference between ionic solids and covalent solids? (NaCl and H2O)

Ionic solids are repeating patterns of the same ions, while covalent compounds are held together by intermolecular forces.

What does IMF mean?

Intermolecular Forces — the attraction between molecules NOT in the same compound. Measured by boiling point.

What is dispersion?

Primary IMF for NON polar molecules. Increases with more electrons.

What are dipole interactions?

IMF for polar molecules

What are hydrogen bonds?

Hydrogen has to be bonded to FON.