CIE A Level Physics: Non-uniform Motion: Drag Force and Terminal Velocity (Chapter 3.2)

Drag Force

Force opposing an object's motion through a fluid.

Air Resistance

Frictional force acting against objects moving through air.

Frictional Force

Force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces.

Driving Force

Force propelling an object forward against resistance.

Resultant Force

Net force acting on an object, determining its motion.

Constant Velocity

Motion at a fixed speed in a straight line.

Deceleration

Reduction in speed or negative acceleration.

Terminal Velocity

Maximum constant speed of a falling object.

Newton's Second Law

F = ma; relates force, mass, and acceleration.

Frictional Force Calculation

= driving force - resultant force.

Air Resistance Dependency

Depends on object's shape and speed.

Free Fall

Motion under the influence of gravity only.

Weight

Force due to gravity acting on an object.

Fluid

Substance that can flow; includes liquids and gases.

Acceleration Decrease

Occurs as drag force increases with speed.

Streamlined Posture

Position reducing air resistance for cyclists.

Velocity-Time Graph

Graph showing changes in velocity over time.

Drag Force Increase

Magnitude increases with the speed of the object.

Negligible Air Resistance

Assumed minimal effect on motion in problems.

Collision with Air Particles

Cause of air resistance during an object's fall.

Acceleration of Free Fall

approximately 9.81 m/s².

Maximum Velocity

Velocity reached when forces are balanced.

Resultant Force Zero

Condition for constant velocity in free fall.

Falling Objects

Experience weight and air resistance during descent.