2- Arthropods

2- Arthropods

What does arthropod mean?

Jointed foot

What type of parasites are arthropods?

Ectoparasites

Where do ectoparasites live?

On the outside of the host

Why are arthropods important in veterinary medicine?

They cause skin disease and transmit parasites and infectious diseases.

What material makes up the arthropod exoskeleton?

Chitin

What type of circulatory system does arthropods have?

Open circulatory system.

What is the blood-like fluid in arthropods called?

Hemolymph

What are the two major arthropod groups of veterinary importance?

Insecta and Acarina

How many legs do insects have?

6 legs (3 pairs)

What are the three body parts of insects?

Head

Thorax

Abdomen

Name examples of insects of veterinary importance.

Fleas

Flies

Lice

Others: roaches, grasshoppers, beetles, moths, butterflies, ants, bees, wasps.

What are the two main body regions of Acarina?

Capitulum (mouth parts)

Abdomen

What is the capitulum?

The mouthparts (fused head and thorax)

What is metamorphosis?

The process of development from egg to adult.

What are the two types of metamorphosis?

Simple and Complex

What are the stages of simple metamorphosis?

Egg —> nymph —> adult

What does a nymph look like?

A smaller version of the adult

Which arthropods have simple metamorphosis?

Ticks and lice

What are the stages of complex metamorphosis?

Egg —> Larva —> Pupa —> Adult

Which arthropods have complex metamorphosis?

Fleas and Flies

Which arthropod transmits tapeworms?

Fleas

Which arthropods commonly transmit bacterial diseases?

Ticks

Which arthropods commonly cause mange?

Mites

Which arthropods are usually host-specific and live their entire life on the host?

Lice

What is a hemocoel?

The body cavity of arthropods where hemolymph bathes internal organs in an open circulatory system.

What does dioecious mean?

Males and Females are separate individuals.

Arthropods belong to which two important subphyla in parasitology?

Mandibulata and Chelicerata

Which classes are in Subphylum Mandibulata?

Insecta, Crustacea, and Myriapodia

Which class belongs to Subphylum Chelicerata?

Acarina (ticks and mites)

Why is Class Crustacea important in parasitology?

They act as intermediate hosts for several parasites.

Name crustaceans

Crayfish, aquatic copepods, freshwater crustaceans.

What parasites are associated with crustaceans?

Paragonimus, Diphyllobothrium, Spirometra, Dracunculus

What organisms are in Class Myriapodia?

Centipedes and Millipedes.

What does “no metamorphosis” mean?

No pupal stage; development is:

Egg —> larva —> nymph —> adult