Population growth → People consuming many more resources
Population growth
Resource consumption per person
Energy economics
Natural resource economics
Using present value to evaluate future possibilities
Non-renewable resources
Incomplete property rights → Excessive present use
Renewable resources
Proper property rights → Incentive to preserve resources + manage on sustainable basis
Forest management
Large variation in growth rates caused by differences in property rights
More action in enforcing property rights over forest areas
Forestry companies harvest + replant
Fishery - Stock of fish or other marine animal that can be thought of as a logically distinct group
The only way to benefit economically from a fish is to catch it and thereby turn it into a private good
Fishers try to outfish each other
Fishery collapse - When a fishery’s population is sent into a rapid decline because fish are being harvested faster than they can reproduce
Gov’ts trying to limit # of fish being caught each year
Total allowable catch (TAC) - Under this system, biologists determine the TAC for a given fishery, for instance, 100,000 tons per year. Fishers can then fish until a total of 100,000 tons have been brought to shore. At that point, fishing is halted for the year.
Individual transferable quotas (ITQs) - Individual catch size limits that specify that the holder of an ITQ has the right to harvest a given quantity of a particular species during a given time period
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