Psychological Test Report
- an abstract of a sample of behavior of a patient or a client derived from results of psychological tests
- very brief sample of one’s behavior
- reflects a process that starts with a referral source
- referral is usually made when a specific problem appears in a person’s behavior
- a psychologist may be called upon to utilize psychodiagnostic expertise to clarify and localize the underlying cause of the problem
- What seems to bother yo? How do you happen to be here?
- final report must be written in a manner that is understandable to the person who will be reading it
- must be written in a way that corresponds to the reader’s level of understanding and training
Criteria
- Clarity: written in language that can easily be understood
- Meaningfulness of the Report: perceived by the reader as clear and is understood by the reader
- Synthesis of the Report: details are formed into broader concepts about the specific person
General Guidelines in Psychological Report Writing
- Professional Style
- the style or flavor of a report will be influence primarily by the training and orientation of the psychologist
- characterized by short words that are of common usage and that have precise meanings
- the paragraphs should be short and should focus on a single concept
- Deciding What to Include
- provide information that will be most helpful in meeting the needs of the client
- strike a balance between providing too much information and providing too little
- information should only be included if it serves to increase the understanding of the client
- Content Overload
- discuss only those areas that are most relevant to the purpose of the report
- Feedback
- provide the client with clear, direct, and accurate feedback regarding the results of an evaluation
Level of Interpretation: Level 3
- a coherent and inclusive theory of the individual life of a -- working image of the patient
- full-scale exploration of the individual’s personality, psychosocial situation, and developmental history
What a Psychological Report Consider or Include
- Industrial
- identifying information
- test results
- skills and abilities
- personality profile
- summary or recommendations
- Clinical
- personal information
- referral question
- test administered
- behavioral observation (test and interview)
- test results and interpretation
- summary formulation
- diagnostic impression
- recommendation
Principles of Value
- Avoid mentioning general characteristics, which could described almost anyone, unless the particular importance in the given case is made clear.
- Describe the particular attributes of the individual fully, using as distinctive terms as possible.
- Simple listing of characteristics is not helpful; tell how they are related and organized in the personality.
- Information should be organized developmentally with respect to the timeline of the individual life.
- Many of the problems of poor reports, such as vague generalizations, clinging to the immediate data, stating the obvious and describing stereotypes are understandable but undesirable reactions to uncertainty.
- Validate statements with actual behavioral responses.
- Avoid using technical terms. Present them using layman’s language.
Some Sources of Error in Psychological Interpretation
- information overload
- insufficient internal evidence for interpretation or insufficient external verification of interpretation
- overinterpretation
- lack of individualization
- lack of integration
- overpathologizing or overpsychologizing
- wrong integration, contradicting ideas