Circuit Theory Flashcards

Flashcards covering basic circuit concepts, symbols, current, potential difference, and resistance.

Why are circuit symbols used?

Circuit symbols are used for clear and standardized representation of components in circuit diagrams.

What is a system in the context of circuits?

A system refers to components that function due to their interdependence or complementary nature; they can be open or closed.

What is current?

Current is the rate of flow of charge.

What carries charge in metals?

In metals, the charge is carried by electrons.

What unit is current measured in, and what instrument is used?

Current is measured in Amps (A) using an ammeter connected in series.

What is potential difference (p.d) or voltage?

Potential difference (p.d) or voltage is the energy used by charge to move from one point to another; measured in volts.

What is Electromotive Force (EMF)?

Electromotive Force (EMF) is the measure of energy supplied by a source in driving charge around a complete circuit; measured in volts.

How is potential difference (voltage) measured in a circuit?

Voltage is measured using a voltmeter connected in parallel.

How does voltage behave in a series circuit?

In a series circuit, voltage splits between each component.

How does voltage behave in a parallel circuit?

In a parallel circuit, voltage is the same across each branch.

What are the advantages of lamps attached in parallel?

Lamps attached in parallel have the advantage that they are brighter, and if one breaks, the others stay on.

What causes resistance in a wire?

As electrons move along the wire, they collide with the metal ions in the wire; these collisions cause resistance.

What is the effect of electron collisions with metal ions in a wire?

These collisions make the atoms vibrate more, which makes the metal hotter.

What happens to energy in electrical appliances due to resistance?

Electrical appliances always waste some energy as heat due to the resistance of wires and components.