ADHD Etiology and Development

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to ADHD, its etiology, symptoms, and developmental course.

ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a psychological disorder characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention.

Symptom presentation

The observable behaviors associated with ADHD, which include hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention.

Developmental Course

The ongoing progression of symptoms throughout an individual's life, with hyperactivity decreasing and impulsivity and inattention persisting.

Genetic basis of ADHD

ADHD has a strong genetic component, as shown in twin studies where monozygotic twins have a higher concordance rate than dizygotic twins.

Prefrontal cortex

A brain region responsible for regulating attention, associated with ADHD and its symptoms.

Basal ganglia

A brain region involved in inhibiting behavior, which is affected in individuals with ADHD.

Limbic system

A brain region that plays a role in regulating emotions, which may be influenced in children with ADHD.

Anoxia

Oxygen deprivation which can negatively impact the development of the prefrontal cortex in children.

Causal agents

Factors identified as potential causes of ADHD, including genetic influences and early environmental exposures.

Sleep apnea

A condition that can affect children postnatally and has been associated with ADHD symptoms.