AP Bio Vocabulary

Running Vocab Log

Matter

Anything that takes up space and has mass, including atoms and molecules.

Subatomic Particles

neutrons, protons, and electrons

Molecule

a group of two or more atoms bonded together

What do living things use energy for?

Growing, reproducing, and maintaining organization

Where is the energy found?

Chemical bonds

Carbohydrates

A macromolecule made from carbons

Proteins

A macromolecule made from nitrogen and carbon

Nucleic Acid

A macromolecule made from nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

Lipids

A macromolecule made from carbon and sometimes phosphorus

Chemical Reaction

The process of a bond forming or breaking

Ion

An atom that has gained or lost an electron

Covalent Polar Bonds

A bond between two atoms in the SAME molecule where an electron is UNEQUALLY shared

Covalent Non-Polar Bonds

A bond between two atoms in the SAME molecule where an electron is EQUALLY shared

Ionic bonds

A bond between two atoms in the SAME molecule where an electron is transferred from one atom to another, creating two opposite charges that are attracted to each other.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a chemical bond.

pH

a measurement of hydrogen ions in a solution

low pH (high number of H+)

more acidic

high pH (low number of H+)

more base

Cohesion

the same atoms are attracted and “stick” to each other

Adhesion

atoms are attracted and “stick” to other atoms

High Specific Heat

Water bonds resist being separated (gas expands) and therefore resist sudden changes in temperature.

Surface Tension

As a result of cohesion, a skin-like layer exists on the water

Capillary Action

As a result of cohesion and adhesion, water can travel up tubes/cylinders

Solvent

The thing the solute dilutes in

Solute

the thing being diluted