ISS final

history

the study of past human activities

geography

science of place and space

political science

study of governments, public policies, and political processes, systems, and political behavior

Anthropology/Archaeology

the study of humankind, from its beginnings millions of years ago to the present day

Economics

study of how we make choices in a world with limited resources

Sociology

study of social life, social changes, and the social consequences of human behavior

Psychology

study of mental process and behavior

A.D. & B.C

Anno Domini and Before Christ

C.E. & B.C.E

Common Era and Before Common Era

3 ways of organizing time

1. Linear time
2. cyclical time
3. time based on events

domestication

taming animals and plants

technology

new methods and tools to do tasks

human characteristics

* walking upright
* bodies
* language & symbols
* social life
* brains

Monarchy

a type of government that is ruled by a king or queen

Dictotorship

A government where one person or small group has ultimate power and can do whatever they want

Oligarchy

A government where a small group of the rich and powerful are in charge.

Direct Democracy

a form of democracy in which the people as a whole make direct decisions, rather than have those decisions made for them by elected representatives

Democratic Republic

a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them

Anarchy

a condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority

state of nature

no government, laws, or authority figure

rule of law

a principle under which all persons, institutions, and entities are accountable to laws

natural rights

rights that you have by being alive and human

rights of a citizen

something you CAN do

duties of a citizen

something you HAVE to do

responsibilities of a citizen

something you SHOULD do

what are the Articles of Confederation?

the written document that established the functions of the national government of the United States after it declared independence from Great Britain.

what were the problems of the Articles of Confederation?

-Congress had no money so states made their own currency
-there was no court system to protect people's rights
-Congress couldn't impose taxes

what is the Constitution?

the written document that outlines the United States' government

how is the Constitution changed?

by making an amendment

Federal Laws

laws written by the federal government

State Laws

laws written by each states’ legislature

what is impeachment?

a formal accusation of wrongdoing

how does impeachment work?

After the House of Representatives sends its articles of impeachment to the Senate, the Senate sits as a High Court of Impeachment to consider evidence, hear witnesses, and vote to acquit or convict the impeached official. A committee of representatives, called “managers,” act as prosecutors before the Senate.

Bicameral legislature

House of Representatives and Senate

Revenue bills

bill that has to deal with money (has to start in the House)

How a bill becomes a law

1. proposal
2. introduction
3. committee report
4. floor debate
5. vote
6. hand-off
7. compromise
8. another vote
9. to the president

Powers forbidden to Congress

1. suspend writ of habeas corpus
2. ex-post facto law
3. bill of attainer
4. grant titles of nobility

suspend writ of habeas corpus

stop the law that says the reason for arrest has to be explained to the person and the judge

ex-post facto law

make something illegal and use it to punish someone after they've done it

bill of attainer

punish someone without a trial

title of nobility

no king or queen, prince or princess, duke or duchess

role of the Judicial Branch

to interpret the law

job of the Chief Justice

preside over the Supreme Court

checks and balances triangle

political party

an organized group of people who share similar political views and work to influence the government in support of those views

what do political parties do?

gives the people more power to influence government than if they acted alone

Liberal

* yes abortion
* heavy gun restrictions
* pay more taxes the more money you make
* yes gay marriage

Conservative

* no abortion
* little gun restrictions
* everyone pays the same taxes
* no gay marriage

democratic party - platform

Liberal

republican party - platform

Conservative

third parties

parties other than the two major ones (ex: green, libertarian)

third party challenges

becoming part of the discussion, raising money, or building enough support to get elected

gerrymandering

giving one political party an advantage over another political party by redrawing district lines

popular vote

a tally of all the votes cast

electoral college

electors who vote for the president based on what the people vote

primary

elections host a secret ballot and people vote for the candidate they want to represent their party in the national election

caucus

meetings where party leaders and supporters select candidates through discussions and consensus

Wisconsin Legislature

bicameral

who’s the leader of the state executive branch?

governor

what powers does the state governor have?

like the “president” of the state and has similar powers

what 10 services do the counties provide for you?

* run elections
* operate courts and ails
* run hospitals
* offer mental health services
* provide clean water
* keep property records
* plan how land will be developed
* give relief to the poor
* run disease prevention programs
* maintains parks

what are unfunded mandates for counties?

demands that the federal or state gov. give the counties but don’t give them money to pay for those services

Tribal sovereignty

tribes' right to govern themselves