chem quiz 2 (environmental chem)

(it’s an) acid

is aspirin an acid or base?

bases

Are ammonia and tums acids or bases?

amino acids

What contains both an acid and a base?

acid

Substance that produces H+ ions in an aqueous solution

false

True/False: H+ ions can exist in water

H3O+ (hydronium ion)

What does H+ make with H2O?

base

Substance that produces OH- ions in an aqueous solution

bof ‘em

between bases and acids, who has electrolytes?

base

between an acid/base, who has a bitter taste?

acid

who gives up a proton in an acid-base reaction?

base

who receives a proton in an acid-base reaction?

acid

a conjugate ____ will have a more positive charge and an additional hydrogen molecule

base

a conjugate ____ will have a more negative charge and one less hydrogen molecule

conjugate base

substance formed when an acid donates a proton

conjugate acid

substance formed when a base accepts a proton

acids

can be positively charged, neutral, or negatively charged

bases

can be neutral or negatively charged

diprotic

can give up two protons

Amphiprotic

substance that can act as either an acid or a base

water

give me an example of an amphiprotic rn

NH3 > NH4+

you add H to the beginning of a chemical equation for all acid-base reactions except for

HS-

What’s the conjugate base of H2S

H3O+

What’s the conjugate acid of H2O?

weaker

the stronger the acid, the ____ the conjugate base

acidic

something is ____ if it has a pH lower than 7

6-7.5

what soil pH is acceptable for most plants?

carbonic acid (H2CO3)

When carbon dioxide acidifies the ocean, atmospheric CO2 dissolves in water to form ____

basic carbonate compounds from the water

trapping of CO2 in the ocean removes

hurts corals and shelled organisms ability to build skeltons

Why is carbon dioxide bad for marine life?

false

True or false: all pollutants are made by man

aerosols

which are suspended longer: aerosols or particulates?

aerosols

Particles merged with water droplets

Ash, soot, metal oxides, and sea salts

what are some airborne solid particles?

particulates

Larger particles that settle to the ground

smog

A harmful mixture of smoke, fog, and air

smog

occurs when a temperature inversion occurs

industrial

Smog that is high in particulates (mostly sulfur dioxide)

photochemical smog

Contains particulates that participate in sunlight-induced chemical reaction

sunlight warms ground, which warms air, then it rises, carrying air pollutants

how does the sun help disperse air pollutants?

coal

example of solid fossil fuel

petroleum

example of liquid fossil fuel

natural gas

example of fossil fuel gas

fossil fuels

what’s the source of acid rain (probably)?

coal

most abundant form of fossil fuel

coal

filthiest fossil fuel

petroleum

easiest fossil fuel to transport

natural gas

fossil fuel that burns most cleanly

fission

splitting apart of large nuclei

fusion

the combining of two small nuclei

fission

what’s the current source of nuclear energy?

nuclear waste, environmental space, potential for accident

major cons of nuclear energy

takes up lotsa space, exists far from where the energy needs to go

problems with wind power

geothermal, ocean thermal, tidal power

“can you name any other forms of energy” oh yeah fs ___

greenhouse gas

climate change is attributed to the ____ effect

water vapor

most abundant greenhouse gas

water vapor, methane, CO2, Nitrous oxide

significant greenhouse gases are:

nitrous oxide

greenhouse gas produced by soil cultivation

carbon dioxide

greenhouse gas that’s increased by 45% since the industrial revolution

things can come in but can’t go out

What does it mean to say that the greenhouse effect is like a one-way valve?