Upper Extremity Bones

Bones to know

• clavicle
  • attached to sternum at sternoclavicular joint
  • attaches to scapula at acromioclavicular joint
  • disk shaped at sternal end and flared at acromial end
• scapula
  • acromion is the big notch on the lateral end
  • coracoid process is the notch under the acromion in anterior aspect
  • glenoid cavity is lateral, where humerus attaches
  • subscapular fossa is the cavity in the middle of the scapula anterior view
  • supraspinous fossa is above the spine of the scapula
  • spine of scapular is on posterior aspect and runs laterally to the acromion
  • infraspinous fossa is the middle of the scapula posterior view
• humerus
  • head is the medial leaning ball at the top
  • greater tubercle is the notch on the lateral of the head
  • lesser tubercle is the notch on the lower and medial
  • deltoid cavity is the awkward bump on the lateral part of the shaft
  • lateral epicondyle is the bump lateral to the trochlea
  • capitulum is the lateral notch next to the trochlea
  • medial epicondyle is the bump on the medal superior to trochlea
  • olecranon fossa is the cavity superior to the trochlea on the posterior aspect
• radius
  • forearm bone that is lateral and shorter
  • head is disk shaped at the proximal end
  • styloid process is the notch at distal end
• ulna
  • forearm bone that is medial and longer
  • trochlear notch is at the proximal end and flares
  • olecranon is at the very top of the ulna
  • radial notch of the ulna is superior and lateral
  • head of the ulna is the bottom part knob looking part
  • styloid process is the little bump on the end that frames the wrist
• phalanges
  • 14 total per hand
  • thumb has 2 and each other digit has 3 each
  • named distal, middle, proximal with digit number and which hand (R/L)
  • digits are numbered lateral to medial (thumb is 1 pinky is 5)
• metacarpals
  • numbered with their digit
• carpal bones
  • proximal row: (lateral to medial) scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
  • distal row: (lateral to medial) trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
  • the pisiform can’t be seen in the posterior view
• sesamoid bone
  • a bone that has grown within a tendon
  • ex. patella

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