FS

Upper Extremity Bones

Bones to know

  • clavicle
    • attached to sternum at sternoclavicular joint
    • attaches to scapula at acromioclavicular joint
    • disk shaped at sternal end and flared at acromial end
  • scapula
    • acromion is the big notch on the lateral end
    • coracoid process is the notch under the acromion in anterior aspect
    • glenoid cavity is lateral, where humerus attaches
    • subscapular fossa is the cavity in the middle of the scapula anterior view
    • supraspinous fossa is above the spine of the scapula
    • spine of scapular is on posterior aspect and runs laterally to the acromion
    • infraspinous fossa is the middle of the scapula posterior view
  • humerus
    • head is the medial leaning ball at the top
    • greater tubercle is the notch on the lateral of the head
    • lesser tubercle is the notch on the lower and medial
    • deltoid cavity is the awkward bump on the lateral part of the shaft
    • lateral epicondyle is the bump lateral to the trochlea
    • capitulum is the lateral notch next to the trochlea
    • medial epicondyle is the bump on the medal superior to trochlea
    • olecranon fossa is the cavity superior to the trochlea on the posterior aspect
  • radius
    • forearm bone that is lateral and shorter
    • head is disk shaped at the proximal end
    • styloid process is the notch at distal end
  • ulna
    • forearm bone that is medial and longer
    • trochlear notch is at the proximal end and flares
    • olecranon is at the very top of the ulna
    • radial notch of the ulna is superior and lateral
    • head of the ulna is the bottom part knob looking part
    • styloid process is the little bump on the end that frames the wrist
  • phalanges
    • 14 total per hand
    • thumb has 2 and each other digit has 3 each
    • named distal, middle, proximal with digit number and which hand (R/L)
    • digits are numbered lateral to medial (thumb is 1 pinky is 5)
  • metacarpals
    • numbered with their digit
  • carpal bones
    • proximal row: (lateral to medial) scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
    • distal row: (lateral to medial) trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
    • the pisiform can’t be seen in the posterior view
  • sesamoid bone
    • a bone that has grown within a tendon
    • ex. patella