Study Guide: American Expansion and Imperialism

Extermination of the Buffalo

Killed millions of buffalos, to have the Indians end their way of life, and assimilate into American culture.

Ghost Dance

A cult that tried to call the spirits of past warriors.

Dawes Severalty Act

An act that got rid of Indian tribes, leftover land was sold for money to try and assimilate Native Americans, promised citizenship after 25 years, but got it 37 years after. Assimilation policy remained for 47 years (1934).

1890 Census

The superintendent announced that there is no more land that hadn't been settled in yet.

Frederick Jackson Turner's "Frontier Thesis"

Frederick Jackson says that the American development has shown development in an advancing frontier line, and a new development for the West.

Washington's Farewell Address

Washington's final farewell address that warned people of two party system.

6 + 1 Stimuli/Causes of Expansion

Mainly economics was the biggest driving force of expansion.

New Economic Markets

Expand trade, farmers and factory owners need new markets, need for spices and sugars, grow as a powerful industrial nation.

Close of the Frontier/Urbanization 1890s

Agitation and Unrest, labor violence, 18% unemployment, fulfillment of Manifest Destiny, close of the frontier.

Social Darwinism Ideology

Survival of the fittest.

Missionary Fervor

Christianity was superior, send missionaries abroad.

World Power Rivalry on the World Stage

Monroe Doctrine, GB and US alliance, desire to be a great power.

Naval Competition

US need to build up navy after CW, Alfred Thayer Mahan.

Yellow journalism

Fake news that was made by mostly Pulitzer and Hearst news companies. Described foreign exploits as manly adventures.

Monroe Doctrine

Europe should not interfere with affairs of the US or throught Latin America. 'Big Sister Policy.'

Jingoism

Aggressive or warlike foreign policy.

Heart, Pulitzer, and Yellow Journalism

Heartz and Pulitzer are the two big companies that participated in yellow journalism, Yellow Journalism is fake news by two or more companies trying to gain popularity.

Imperialism

Economic and political domination of a stronger country over a weaker one.

Reverend Josiah Strong and Our Country

An idea that Anglo-saxon people were gonna win the war of races.

Captain Alfred T. Mahan and The Influence of Sea Power upon History

Argued control of the sea was the key to world domination. Helped stimulate the naval race among the great powers, need for naval bases around the world.

Queen Liliuokalani

Queen of Hawaii who refused annexation to the US.

Hawaii - 1893 Overthrow and 1898 Annexation

1893 overthrow is where US planters and US troops overthrow Queen Liliuokalani. Annexation - Needed refueling station in the Pacific, Mckinley worried that Japan might try and take Hawaii. Citizens were granted US citizenship.

USS Maine

Sent to protect and evacuate Americans, mysterious explosion caused a loss of 260 American sailors.

Rough Riders

Part of the US invading army to come and free Cuba.

Anti-Imperialist League

Created to protest the McKinley administration expansionist moves. Included some of the most prominent people in the country.

Teller Amendment

An addition to McKinley's war plans that proclaimed when the US overthrew the Spanish, Cuba would become free.

Platt Amendment

Allowed the US rights to Guantanamo naval station, limited Cuba's treaty making decisions, basically limiting what Cuba can do.

Open Door Policy

Urged great powers to respect Chinese rights as well as free and open competition within their spheres of influence. Made access to the Chinese markets for the US.

China's Boxer Rebellion

A violent anti-foreign and anti-Christian uprising in China from 1899 to 1901.

Great White Fleet

A fleet of ships sent by the U.S. in 1907 to demonstrate naval power.

Root-Takahira

An agreement between the U.S. and Japan to respect each other's territorial holdings in the Pacific.

Impact of the Sino-Japanese War

The war marked Japan's emergence as a world power and increased tensions in East Asia.

Spheres of influence

Regions where a particular country has exclusive rights and privileges.