Appendicular Skeleton Identification

Clavicle

• Slender, doubly curved bone

Sternoclavicular joint

• Where the clavicle articulates with sternum

Acromioclavicular joint

• Where the clavicle articulates with the shoulder

Scapula

• Triangular and flattened body

Acromion

• Enlarged end of the spine of scapula

Coracoid process

• Beaklike protusion on scapula

• Site for muscle and ligament attachment

Glenoid cavity

• Shallow socket hat receives head of humerus

Humerus

• Long bone of the arm

Greater/lesser tubercles

• Two prominences near the head of humerus

• Separated by line called intertubercular sulcus

Deltoid tuberosity

• Part on midshaft of humerus where deltoid attaches

Trochlea

• Place on humerus where it articulates with ulna

Capitulum

• Place on humerus where it articulates with radius

Coronoid fossa

• Accomodates the coronoid process of the ulna when bending arm

Olecranon fossa

• Accomodates the olecranon of ulna when bending the arm

Radius

• Lateral bone of the forearm

Ulna

• Medial bone of the forearm

Interosseous membrane

• Membrane that connects the radius and ulna together

• Also connects tibia and fibula together 

Radial tuberosity

• Where bicep muscle of the arm attaches to the radius

Radial styloid process

• Fits the carpals to the radius

Coronoid process

• Proximal structure on the ulna that articulates with coronoid fossa 

Olecranon process

• Posterior structure on ulna that articulates with olecranon fossa

Ulnar styloid process

• Anchors ligaments of the wrist 

Carpals

• Eight bones of the wrist 

• Arranged in two irregular rows of four bones each

Metacarpals

• 5 finger bones of the hand

• Base articulate with carpals while heads articulate with phalanges

Phalanges

• Each finger has 3 phalanges except for the thumb, which only has 2

Coxal bone

• We have 2 in our pelvic girdle\

• Each contains an ilium, pubis, and ischium

Ilium

• Large flaring bone (top bone of coxal)

• Makes up most of coxal bone

Sacroiliac joint

• Where ilium and sacrum joins

Iliac crest

• Superior margin of iliac bone

Ischium

• Inferior portion of coxal bone

• It is the “sit-down” bone

Ischial tuberosity

• Portion on ischium that receives most of the weight when we sit down

Greater sciatic notch

• Allows the sciatic nerve to pass to and from the thigh

Pubis

• Most anterior part of the coxal bone

Obturator foramen

• Hole near the ischium and pubis that allows blood vessels and nerves to run from pelvic cavity to thigh

Pubic symphysis

• Where the two pubic bones meet anteriorly

Acetabulum

• Where the ilium, ischium, and pubis unite

• Deep socket that receives head of femur

Femur

• Only bone of the thigh

• Heaviest, strongest, biggest bone in the body

Greater/lesser trochanter

• Located at the juntion of the femur neck and head

• Separated by intertrochanteris crest

Gluteal tuberosity

• Located on the shaft of femur

• Site of muscle attachment

Lateral condyle

• Where the femur terminates laterally

• Articulates with tibia

Medial condyle

• Where the femur terminates medially

• Articulates with tibia

Tibia

• Shinbone, more larger and medial bone of leg

Tibial tuberosity

• Roughened protusion on tibia, site of muscle attachment

Fibula

• Sticklike bone lying parallel to tibia

• Takes no part in forming knee joint

Tarsal

• 7 bones in the feet that forms the ankle

Calcaneus

• Tarsal bone that forms the heel

Talus

• Tarsal bone that articulates with tibia of leg

Metatarsals

• 5 bones in the feet that form the sole

Phalanges

• 14 bones in the feet that form the bone

• Each toe has 3 phalanges except for big toe, which has two