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Bioenergetics and Carbs

The Gibbs energy at equilibrium::Delta G = Delta G at standard conditions + RTlnK

The Gibbs energy::Delta G at standard conditions = Delta G + RTlnQ

  • G is the overall free energy change between actual starting chemical potentials of all components and equilibrium.

  • Q is actual starting conditions

Coupled reactions

  • Coupled reaction makes an unfavorable reaction favorable

  • Many biological processes are endergonic (the physiological mass action ratio > equilibrium mass action ratio)

  • A reaction that wants to reverse can move forward by:

    • Free energy coupling::Add delta G values of coupled processes

    • Removal of products

Bioenergetics and Carbs

The Gibbs energy at equilibrium::Delta G = Delta G at standard conditions + RTlnK

The Gibbs energy::Delta G at standard conditions = Delta G + RTlnQ

  • G is the overall free energy change between actual starting chemical potentials of all components and equilibrium.

  • Q is actual starting conditions

Coupled reactions

  • Coupled reaction makes an unfavorable reaction favorable

  • Many biological processes are endergonic (the physiological mass action ratio > equilibrium mass action ratio)

  • A reaction that wants to reverse can move forward by:

    • Free energy coupling::Add delta G values of coupled processes

    • Removal of products