LANG satire quiz

Satire

type of humorous writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change. 

Direct

Satiric voice speaks out in person

Indirect                                          

Cast in the form of a plot

- Characters make themselves ridiculous by thought, speech, and actions

- Characters made more ridiculous by the author’s narrative style and comments

Horatian

 the optimist (to heal of reform vices) and tells the truth with a smile so as not to repel them, but to cure them of their ignorance which is their worst fault.

Juvenalian

 the pessimist (to punish or destroy) hates or despises most people and purpose is not to cure but wound

Personal hatred or grudge

usually disclaims this by saying that it is for the public good

Prejudice from a bad experience

ethnic, religious, gender 

Aesthetic motive

pleasure of manipulating own material and own special pattern as an artist

Wit

often combines incongruous ideas in a humorous and unexpected way.

Ridicule

Good tempered and under control; Must confine itself to lighter things

Irony

The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning.

Sarcasm

may use mocking praise to indicate the opposite meaning. Essentially incidental and verbal; More crude than irony, more blunt; Sometimes not recognized in written form.

Cynicism

A cynic is a person that believes all people are motivated by selfishness; Expressing or exhibiting scorn or bitter mockery

Sardonic

scornfully or cynically mocking, both cynicism and the sardonic stem from a deep sense of delusion. sardonic would rather weep than laugh; his laughter is on the verge of anger, bitter laughter

Invective

the anger the sardonic manages to keep under control burst forth from the invective, extreme of satiric spectrum; direct and unremitting attack on its subject, sometimes comes to abuse and name calling

Exaggeration

• Overstating

• Stereotyping groups of people and focusing on faults

• Making things appear ridiculous and unattractive

Hyperbole  

• Using wild exaggeration

Understatement

• Saying less than what is really meant or saying something with less force than is appropriate. 

Comic Metaphors

• Unexpected or unusual comparisons

Irony

• Situational (unexpected events), verbal (sarcasm), dramatic (fiction)

Fantasy

• Fictional, make-believe, mystical situations or scenarios

Comic Characters, Speakers, and Situations

• Unexpected or unlikely personalities dealing with unusual or unlikely situations

Verbal Irony

when a writer or speaker says one thing but really means something quite different—often the opposite of what he or she has said.

Understatement is a type of verbal irony that occurs when a writer or speaker says less than what is meant.

Sarcasm is a kind of cutting irony, in which praise is used tauntingly to indicate its opposite meaning

Situational Irony

• occurs when what actually happens is the opposite of what is expected or appropriate.

  • Situational irony is often used to create trick endings.

Dramatic Irony

occurs when the audience or reader knows something important that a character in a play or story does not know.