HA MOD 5

Accommodation

Adaptation of the eye for near vision by increasing the curvature of the lens.

Anisocoria

Unequal pupil size.

Arcus senilis

Gray-white arc or circle around the limbus of the iris that is common with aging.

Astigmatism

Refractive error of vision due to differences in curvature in refracting surfaces of the eye (cornea and lens).

Blepharitis

An inflammation of the glands and eyelash follicles along the margin of the eyelids.

Cataract

Opacity of the lens of the eye that develops slowly with aging and gradually obstructs vision.

Conjunctivitis

Infection of the conjunctiva, commonly referred to as 'pink eye'.

Diplopia

Double vision.

Ectropion

Lower eyelid loose and rolling outward.

Entropion

Lower eyelid rolling inward.

Exophthalmos

Protruding eyeballs.

Glaucoma

A group of eye diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure.

Hordeolum

(Stye) Red, painful pustule that is a localized infection of the hair follicle at the eyelid margin.

Macula

Round darker area of the ocular fundus that mediates vision only from the central visual field.

Miosis

Constricted pupils.

Mydriasis

Dilated pupils.

Myopia

Nearsightedness; refractive error in which near vision is better than far vision.

Nystagmus

Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball.

Papilledema

Stasis of blood flow out of the ocular fundus; a sign of increased intracranial pressure.

Ptosis

Drooping of the upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering the pupil.

Strabismus

(Squint, crossed eye) Disparity of the eye axes.

Annulus

Outer fibrous rim encircling the eardrum.

Cerumen

Yellow, waxy material that lubricates and protects the ear canal.

Cochlea

Inner ear structure containing the central hearing apparatus.

Eustachian tube

Connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx and allows the passage of air.

Helix

Superior posterior free rim of the pinna.

Inus

'Anvil'; middle of the 3 ossicles of the middle ear.

Malleus

'Hammer'; outmost of the 3 ossicles of the middle ear.

Mastoid

Bony prominence of the skull located just behind the ear.

Otalgia

Pain in the ear.

Otitis media

Inflammation of the middle ear and tympanic membrane.

Pinna

Auricle, or outer ear.

Pars tensa

Thick, taut, central-inferior section of the tympanic membrane.

Stapes

'Stirrup'; innermost of the 3 ossicles of the middle ear.

Tinnitus

Ringing in the ears.

Tympanic membrane

'Eardrum'; thin, translucent, oval membrane that separates the middle ear from the outer ear.

Vertigo

A spinning, twirling sensation.

Buccal

Pertaining to the cheek.

Candidiasis

(Moniliasis) White, cheese, curd-like patch on buccal mucosa due to superficial fungal infection.

Caries

Decay in the teeth.

Cheilitis

Red, scaling, shallow, painful fissures at corners of the mouth.

Epistaxis

Nosebleed, usually from anterior septum.

Epulis

Nontender, fibrous nodule of the gum.

Gingivitis

Red, swollen gum margins that bleed easily.

Herpes simplex

'Cold sores'; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into pustules, usually at lip-skin junction.

Leukoplakia

Chalky white, thick, raised patch on sides of tongue; precancerous.

Malocclusion

Upper or lower dental arches out of alignment.

Papillae

Rough, bumpy elevations on the dorsal surface of the tongue.

Parotid glands

A pair of salivary glands in the cheeks in front of the ears.

Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the throat.

Plaque

Soft, whitish debris on teeth.

Polyp

Smooth, pale gray nodules in the nasal cavity due to chronic allergic rhinitis.

Rhinitis

Red, swollen inflammation of nasal mucosa.

Thrush

Oral candidiasis in the newborn.

Turbinate

One of 3 bony projections in the nasal cavity.

Uvula

Free projection hanging down from the middle of the soft palate.

Areola

The darkened area surrounding the nipple.

Galactorrhea

Persistent white discharge of milk between nursing sessions or after weaning.

Gynecomastia

Excessive breast development in the male.

Mastalgia

Pain in the breast.

Mastitis

Inflammation of the breast.

Paget Disease

Intraductal carcinoma in the breast.

Retraction

Dimple or pucker on the skin.

Striae

Atrophic pink, purple, or white linear streaks on the breasts, associated with pregnancy, excessive weight gain, or rapid growth during adolescence.