IPA

[p]

voiceless bilabial stop

[b]

voiced bilabial stop

[m]

voiced bilabial nasal

[f]

voiceless labio-dental fricative

[v]

voiced labio-dental fricative

[θ]

voiceless inter-dental fricative

[ð]

voiced inter-dental fricative

[t]

voiceless alveolar stop

[d]

voiced alveolar stop

[s]

voiceless alveolar fricative

[z]

voiced alveolar fricative

[ɾ]

voiced alveolar flap/tap

[n]

voiced alveolar nasal

[l]

voiced alveolar approximant (lateral liquid)

[ɹ]

voiced alveolar approximant (retroflex liquid)

[ʃ]

voiceless post-alveolar fricative

[ʒ]

voiced post-alveolar fricative

[tʃ]

voiceless post-alveolar affricative

[dʒ]

voiced post-alveolar affricative

[j]

voiced palatal approximant (glide)

[k]

voiceless velar stop

[g]

voiced velar stop

[ŋ]

voiced velar nasal

[ʔ]

voiceless glottal stop

[h]

voiceless glottal fricative

[i]

“me” front high tense

[ɪ]

“mitt” front high lax

[eɪ]

“make” - [e] is front mid tense

[ɛ]

“met” front mid lax

[æ]

front low lax

[ə] schwa

“Above” central mid lax

[ʌ]

“huff” central mid lax

[u]

“boo” back high tense round

[ʊ]

“good” back high lax round

[oʊ]

“mope” - o is back mid tense round

[ɔ]

“caught” back mid lax round

[ɑ]

“cot” back low lax

[ɔɪ]

“cloy”

[aʊ]

“cow”

[aɪ]

“by”