Gram Positive Bacteria (ch 11)

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8 Terms

1

Cholstridales

All rods - bacillus

Obligate anaerobes (do not need oxygen to survive)

Forms endospores on one end of the cell - lollipop

Disease associated:

Clostridium tetani - causes tetani

Clostridium pafringes - causes a common form of food borne diarrhea

Clostridium Botulinum

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2

Bacillales

Bacillus Anthracis

Aerobic rods or facultative rods

Endospores: central

  • can be packaged into a bioweapon

Causes:

  • anthrax

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3

Lactobacillales

Lactobacillus Species

Rods

Aero tolerant

Lactic acid producing bacteria

Are used commercially: fermentation when producing foods like pickles, yogurt etc

Important for the health of females

  • located in the vagina

    • Changes when a woman is going through puberty

  • As estrogen increases staphylobacillus increases

  • Pregnancy: the first contact of the new born is the mothers lactobacillus

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4

Staphylococcus

Staphylococcus Aureus

Cocci in grape like clusters

Facultative anaerobic

Causes

  • TSS - in tampons

  • Food poisoning

Staphylococcus Seprophyticus

Cocci in grape like clusters Facultative anaerobic

Facultative anaerobic

Causes

  • UTI

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5

Streptococcus

Most pathogenic

Cocci in chains

Aerotolerant

Streptococcus Mutans

  • chains

  • Has capsules

  • Causes

    • Dental carries

Streptococcus Pyogenus

  • chains

  • Has m proteins

  • Causes

    • Strep throat

    • Scarlet fever

    • Skin diseases

      • Infection to the dermatologist layer

  • Produces a green colour

Streptococci Pneumoniae

  • diplococci

  • Capsule

  • Pneumonia; a form of meningitis

  • Produces a green colour

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6

Listeria

Listeria monocytogenes

  • rods

  • Facultative

  • Psychotrophs

    • Ex cold cuts, milk, soft cheese

  • Grow in phagocytes

  • Causes

    • A form of meningitis - listerosia

  • Affects pregnant woman

    • A very ill new born

    • Death of a new born

    • Spontaneous miscarriage

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7

Enterococcus

Enterococcus Faecium

  • in feces

Enterococcus Faecalis

  • in feces

Facultative anaerobic

Adapted to are of the body that are rich in nutrients but low in oxygen - such as vagina, intestines etc

Hardy microbes as they persist contaminants in a hospital environment

  • non seminal

    • Ex post surgery, catheter

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8

Mycoplasmatota

Low G+C

Mycoplasma pneumonia

  • has no cell wall

  • shape: pleomorphic

  • Has sterols

  • Pliable - hence contamination

  • Treatment

    • Tetracycline

High G+C

Mycobacterium

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Mycobacterium Leprae

  • aerobic rods

  • Contains mycolic acid

  • Acid face

  • Treatment longer if patient is unwilling to cooperate

  • resistant

    • Desiccation

    • Chemicals

Corynebacterium

Corynebacterium Diphtheria

  • Rods

  • Facultative

  • Contains metachromatic granules - store phosphate

  • Are pleomorphic

  • Causes diphtheria

Propionibacterium

  • Rods

  • Anaerobes

  • Causes

    • Acne

  • Derived from the organism ability to form propionic acid

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