Muscle Anatomy Review

These flashcards cover key terms and functions related to muscle anatomy, focusing on head, mouth, tongue, abdomen, respiration, and limbs.

Auricular Muscles

Muscles that originate from the bones of the skull and insert into the cartilage of the ear, allowing for the movement of the ears.

Orbicularis Oculi

A circular sphincter muscle around the eye that closes the eye.

Orbicularis Oris

A sphincter muscle around the mouth, responsible for prehension of lips, closure of the mouth, and pursing of lips.

Levator Nasolabialis

Muscle originating from the frontal and nasal bones, lifting the lip and dilating the nostrils.

Caninus

Muscle from the canine fossa/facial crest of maxilla to the lateral border of the upper lip, flaring nostrils.

Buccinator

A deep muscle that forms the wall of the cheek, moving food in the mouth away from the cheek.

Masseter

Main muscle of mastication that closes the jaw, well developed in herbivores.

Pterygoideus

Muscle involved in side-to-side (planar/sliding) movement of the temporomandibular joint of the jaw.

Temporalis

Muscle that closes the jaw.

Digastricus

Muscle that opens the mouth.

Genioglossus

Muscle that protrudes (pulls rostrad) the tongue.

Hyoglossus

Muscle that retracts the tongue.

Diaphragm

Muscle that contracts to flatten, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity for inspiration; relaxation decreases volume for expiration.

External Intercostal

Muscle that runs from rib to rib, involved in inspiration.

Internal Intercostal

Muscle that runs from rib to rib, involved in expiration.

Trapezius

Muscle (part of synsarcosis) that lifts, advances, and retracts the scapula.

Latissimus Dorsi

Muscle responsible for limb retraction and shoulder flexion.

Biceps Brachii

Muscle responsible for elbow flexion and shoulder extension.

Triceps Brachii

Muscle responsible for elbow extension and shoulder flexion.

Semitendinosus

Muscle that extends the hip, stifle, and hock when weight bearing; flexes the stifle when limb is off the ground.

Quadriceps Femoris

Group of muscles involved in the extension of the stifle.

Gastrocnemius

Muscle that extends the hock.