WWI history Quiz study guide

Central Powers of WWI

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers

France
Great Britain, USA, Russia, France

Big 4 England

David Lloyd George

Big 4 France

Georges Clemenceau

Big 4 Italy

Vittorio Orlando

big 4 USA

Woodrow Wilson

militarism

Buildup of armies and weapons in preparation of war

imperialism

Race to gain overseas colonies to exploit raw materials and increase an empire's wealth

assassination

June 28, 1914 fate of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Austro-Hungarian throne

alliances

Secret treaties that led to the development of Allied and Central Powers

nationalism

Putting the needs and interests of your country first

Lusitania (1915)

May 7, 1915 a German torpedo sank this British passenger ship killing 128 Americans.

Zimmerman Note

telegram sent from Berlin to Mexico urging Mexico to attack the US, "make war together, make peace together.

unrestricted submarine warfare

Germany torpedoed and sank any vessel crossing the Atlantic Ocean because of this policy.

Weapons used in WWI

Machine Guns, Poisonous Gas, Artillery field guns, Flamethrowers, tanks

Trench Warfare

style of WWI combat, 10 feet deep dug out tunnels, rat infested, muddy, constant fear of bombardment and death, shell shock - PTSD, trench foot

Western Front

battleline of trenches between France and Germany
USA fought here

No-Man's-Land:

Land between the trenches, filled with barbed wire, gas attacks, oncoming machine gun fire, chance of death

Trench Foot:

the trenches were constantly wet and muddy and this caused the feet to rot and sometimes require amputation

Convoy System:

Naval ships escort merchant ships to protect from German U-boat attacks

Armistice:

peace or true

Western Front

Battle line of trenches between France and Germany.

Zimmerman Note

Message where Germany suggesting an alliance with Mexico, "Make war
together, make peace together."

1914-1918

Years WWI was fought

Sarajevo, Bosnia

Location of the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophia

Trench Warfare

The majority of WWI was fought in this style of combat

Lusitania

This ship was sunk on May 7, 1915 by a German torpedo

Pershing

US General in charge of the American Expeditionary Force

Treaty of Versailles

WWI Peace Treaty

Eddie Rickenbacker

"Ace of Aces" WWI Pilot

Selective Service Act

Law passed by Congress that requires men to register for military service

June 28, 1914

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated

May 7, 1915

German torpedo sunk the Lusitania

March 1, 1917

Zimmerman Note published in US newspapers

April 6, 1917

US declared war on Germany

November 11, 1918

Germany surrendered ending WWI

Alliances

WWI cause, secret deals and treaties pledging to go to war if ally is attacked

WW1 Leader Archduke

Austria Hungary

WL David loyd

prime minster united kingdom/ great britain

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve.

George Clemenceau

French prime minister in last years of WWI leader of france

Vitorio Orlando

Prime Minister of Italy

Tsar Nicholas II

Last emperor of Russia

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Emperor of Germany during World War I

Emperor Franz Joseph

head of Austria-Hungary empire during World War 1

Sultan Mehmed V

He was the leader of the Ottoman Empire and supported the losing German side during World War I.

Mustard Gas

a toxic war gas with sulfide based compounds that raises blisters and attacks the eyes and lungs

Sinking of the Lusitania

When German submarines sunk an unarmed British ship killing 139 Americans

Sussex Pledge

Germans would not sink merchant & passenger (non-military) vessels. Wilson - "any little . . . [U-boat] commander can put is into war at any time by some calculated outrage". Violated later with the later resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare (German use of unrestricted submarine warfare)

Zimmerman Note

1917 - Germany sent this to Mexico instructing an ambassador to convince Mexico to go to war with the U.S. It was intercepted and caused the U.S. to mobilized against Germany, which had proven it was hostile

Eddie Rickenbacker

"ace" pilot who downed 26 enemy fighters in WWI

John J. Pershing

US general who chased Villa over 300 miles into Mexico but didn't capture him

Alvin York

American war hero

Big Four (WWI)

Georges Clemenceau (France), Lloyd George (Britain), Vittorio Orlando (Italy), Woodrow Wilson (US)

14 Points

President Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post World War I Europe and for avoiding future wars.

League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment.

Article 231 (War Guilt Clause)

Germany takes full responsibility for the war, and has to pay reparations

No Man's Land

A strip of land beween the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during WW1