Studied by 25 peoplewhat verbs go with a plural subject
plural verbs (dont end in -s)
“if” is for
“whether” is for
a condition
a concern
parallel structure
all verbs in the sentence follow the same pattern (-ing with -ing, -s with -s)
the conditional clause (the if clause)
does NOT require “would”
“they” only refers to
people, not something inanimate (ex: a tv channel..)
make sure a sentence includes
a subject. otherwise it is incorrect for being unclear
the shortest choice is not always the answer
sometimes its the longer answer bc it has to be CLEAR what is happening in a sentence
which requires
a CLEAR antecedent (something preceding it)
does “considered” require “as” after it?
NOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!
independent clause
can stand on its own, basically its own sentence (has a subject and a verb)
dependent clause
not a full sentence, cannot stand on its own
connecting 2 independent clauses
period
semicolon
colon
comma + fanboys
(you will never have to pick between these)
fanboys
for and nor but or yet so
connect independent to dependent clause
comma
dash
colon
fanboys with no comma
connect dependent to independent
comma
comma splice (ERROR!!!!!!!!!!)
using a comma to join 2 independent clauses. NEVER DO THIS
uses of the colon (:)
to introduce a (simple) list
link an independent clause with an explanation (dependent clause)
to introduce a quotation
uses of the semicolon (;)
in a complicated list (a list with explanations!)
to link 2 independent clauses
semicolon reminders
the clauses on either side of the semicolon MUST be independent clauses. if they cant stand alone, a semicolon shouldnt be used
the two clauses should be closely related in meaning
the word after the semicolon isnt capitalized unless it is a proper noun (like a name or smth)
uses of a comma (,)
separate several adjectives in a sentence (remember that this can only be done if the order of the adjectives can be changed. if it doesnt make sense when the adjectives are used, a comma doesnt work)
for a simple list
to separate independent clauses
to separate introductory elements
to enclose something, like parenthesis
used to separate direct speech in quotations
to separate elements of contrast
uses of dash (—)
emphasises whats after it
and be used like parenthesis
Period =
= Semicolon = Comma + and/but
2 commas = 2 dashes =
= non-essential clause. When crossed out, the sentence still makes sense
It’s =
it is
Its =
possessive form of it
its’ =
does not exist
Colon =
list or explanation. Need a complete sentence before but not after.
BEING, usually =
WRONG (being + ,)
Could/would/should/might …
HAVE, not OF
No comma before or after a
preposition (of, by, to, at, for, from, with, in, on) , or the word that
Comma before it, he, she, they usually =
WRONG
Singular verbs end in
-s
plural verbs do not end in
-s
Keep pronouns consistent
one = one, you = you
Who is for
people
which is for
things
where is for
places
(like saying “where” something happened in a book is wrong. you would use when)
Use who before a
verb (who went, NOT whom went)
use whom after a
preposition (e.g. by whom, NOT by who).
All items in a list must match
(noun, noun, noun or verb, verb, verb)
affect
impact/influence
effect
to bring about
between …. AND
conventional (correct)
between … OR
nonconventional (incorrect)
longer than works the same as
“less than” so it must be followed with THAN
problems “pursue”
unconventional. problems “persist” is correct
rhetorical styles
understatement vs irony vs hyperbole
verb
action word
noun
person/place/thing
pronoun
i/we/she/he/they/our/etc.
used similarly to nouns
adjective
describes a (pro)noun
adverb
describes a verb
‘s
possessive
s’
multiple
subordinate conjunctions note
if you get a short sentence that starts with a subordinate conjunction and no other explanation, its an incomplete thought and incorrect.
ex: while the day passed or smth
common subordinate conjunctions
white, after, because, although, before, unless, as, if, when, since, until, whenever, whereas, even though, rather than
Note 
Flashcard (46)