gace computer scinece 2.2

Variable

A named storage location in memory that holds a value that can change during program execution

Constant

A named value in a program that cannot be changed once assigned

Data Type

Describes the kind of data a variable holds

Integer

A whole number with no decimal point

Float

A number that includes a decimal point

Boolean

A data type with only two possible values: True or False

String

A sequence of characters

Assignment

The process of setting a value to a variable using the equals sign

Arithmetic Operator

An operator used for mathematical calculations like +

Comparison Operator

Used to compare two values

Logical Operator

Used to create complex conditions: AND

Sequence

The order in which instructions are executed in a program

Selection

A decision-making process using conditions

Iteration

Repeating a set of instructions using loops

FOR Loop

A count-controlled loop that repeats a block of code a fixed number of times

WHILE Loop

A condition-controlled loop that runs as long as a condition is true

Array

A collection of items stored under one variable name

Subroutine

A named block of code designed to perform a task

Function

A subroutine that returns a value

Procedure

A subroutine that performs an action but does not return a value

Parameter

A variable used in a subroutine definition to accept values

Argument

A value passed to a parameter when a subroutine is called

Local Variable

A variable that exists only within the block or subroutine where it's defined

Global Variable

A variable that is accessible from any part of the program

Trace Table

A tool used to record the changing values of variables during program execution