Prevention + Promotion

Prevention Efforts

Actions taken now to avert more serious problems in the future.

Meta-Analyses

Research technique that combines data from multiple studies to understand the overall effects.

Incidence

Number of new cases over a specific period.

Prevalence

Total number of cases at a given point in time.

Taxonomy

A classification system for categorizing things.

Primary Prevention

Targets those without problems to prevent issues from occurring.

Secondary Prevention

Early intervention to reduce the duration of a problem.

Tertiary Prevention

Occurs after problem develops to alleviate long-term effects of existing problems.

Universal Prevention

Targets everyone in a population to prevent issues from occurring

Selective Prevention

Focuses on individuals at high risk to prevent problems.

Indicated Prevention

Targets individuals showing early signs of potential problems to prevent problem from occurring

Promotion

Focuses on promoting positive aspects rather than preventing negative ones.

Goal

To promote health and well-being, not just survival.

Prevention

Focuses on preventing negative outcomes.

Promotion

Focuses on promoting positive outcomes.

Public Health Prevention Taxonomy :

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Prevention

Institute of Medicine Prevention Taxonomy:

Universal, Selective, Indicated Prevention

Decreases Incidence & Prevalence

Primary Prevention

No Impact on Incidence, Decreases Prevalence

Secondary Prevention

No impact on Incidence, Increases Prevalence

Tertiary Prevention

Decreases Prevalence

Universal Prevention

Decreases Incidence & Prevalence

Selective Prevention

Decreases Incidence & Prevalence

Indicated Prevention

Primary Prevention

City of Chicago provides free transit to free health clinics for all residents

Secondary Prevention

 Cowen's study on informal helpers

Tertiary Prevention

Fairweather's lodge societies

Universal Prevention

All kids participate in program to learn life skills

Selective Prevention

Kids transitioning from middle school to high school

Indicated Prevention

Kids missing assignments, showing up late, disengaged