- It's in chart form - the columns are 1) president's name, 2) years - these are all filled in, 3) party, 4) event. - The scoring is... 31 presidents have to be filled in (15 are pre-filled). You get 2 points for each one in the correct slot for 62 possible points. There are 23 parties that have to be completed for 1 point apiece for 23 possible points. There are 20 events you are given that you have to put in the correct slot (attached to the correct president)... 20 possible points, for 105 total possible points. - All parties that have to be filled in are Republican or Democrat. All Whigs, Federalists, etc. are pre-filled. - All events are only attached to one president, and no president will have two events in the list attached to them. - Last name suffices for each president, unless it's an Adams, Bush, Harrison, Johnson, or Roosevelt - then you'll need initials or a full name.
1. George Washington, 1789-1797
Critical (1788-1815)
Farewell Address: Washington's farewell address warned against political factions and foreign entanglements.
2. John Adams, 1797-1801
Critical (1788-1815)
Alien and Sedition Acts: Passed during Adams' presidency, these laws restricted immigration and limited free speech.
3. Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809
Critical (1788-1815)
Louisiana Purchase: Jefferson's administration acquired a vast territory from France, doubling the size of the United States.
4. James Madison, 1809-1817
Critical (1788-1815)
War of 1812: Conflict between the United States and Britain, marked by battles such as the Battle of New Orleans and the burning of Washington, D.C.
5. James Monroe, 1817-1825
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS/ERA OF THE COMMON MAN: 1815-1840
Monroe Doctrine: Monroe's policy declaring that the Western Hemisphere was off-limits to further European colonization or interference.
6. John Quincy Adams, 1825-1829
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS/ERA OF THE COMMON MAN: 1815-1840
Corrupt Bargain: Controversial election result where Adams was accused of making a deal with Henry Clay to win the presidency in 1824.
7. Andrew Jackson, 1829-1837
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS/ERA OF THE COMMON MAN: 1815-1840
Trail of Tears: Jackson's forced relocation of Native American tribes, primarily the Cherokee, from their ancestral lands in the southeastern United States.
8. Martin Van Buren, 1837-1841
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS/ERA OF THE COMMON MAN: 1815-1840
Panic of 1837: Economic depression during Van Buren's presidency, marked by bank failures, unemployment, and business bankruptcies.
9. William Henry Harrison, 1841
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Shortest Presidency: Harrison's tenure lasted only 31 days, the shortest in American history, before he died of pneumonia.
10. John Tyler, 1841-1845
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Annexation of Texas: Tyler's administration led the annexation of Texas, which eventually led to the Mexican-American War.
11. James K. Polk, 1845-1849
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Mexican-American War: Conflict between the United States and Mexico over territorial disputes, resulting in the acquisition of significant territory in the Southwest.
12. Zachary Taylor, 1849-1850
California Gold Rush: Massive influx of settlers to California following the discovery of gold in 1848, impacting the debate over slavery in the territories.
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
13. Millard Fillmore, 1850-1853
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Compromise of 1850: Series of laws aimed at resolving territorial and slavery disputes, including the admission of California as a free state.
14. Franklin Pierce, 1853-1857
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Kansas-Nebraska Act: Pierce's support for this act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed for the possibility of slavery in new territories, intensified sectional tensions.
15. James Buchanan, 1857-1861
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Dred Scott Decision: Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not citizens and that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories.
16. Abraham Lincoln, 1861-1865
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln's executive order that freed slaves in Confederate-held territory, changing the focus of the Civil War to include abolition.
17. Andrew Johnson, 1865-1869
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Reconstruction: Johnson's policies after the Civil War aimed at bringing the Southern states back into the Union, often criticized for being lenient towards former Confederates.
18. Ulysses S. Grant, 1869-1877
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD: 1840-1860
Reconstruction Amendments: Grant's presidency saw the ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, abolishing slavery, granting citizenship and voting rights to African Americans.
19. Rutherford B. Hayes, 1877-1900
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Compromise of 1877: Informal agreement that settled the disputed 1876 presidential election, leading to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the end of Reconstruction.
20. James A. Garfield, 1881 (March 4-September 19)
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Assassination: Garfield was assassinated just six months into his presidency by Charles Guiteau, a disgruntled office seeker.
21. Chester A. Arther, 1881-1885
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act: Arthur signed this act into law, establishing a merit-based system for federal employment.
22. Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Panic of 1893: Economic depression during Cleveland's second term, marked by bank failures, unemployment, and labor unrest.
23. Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1893
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Sherman Antitrust Act: Harrison signed this act into law, aimed at curbing the power of monopolistic trusts and promoting fair competition.
24. Grover Cleveland (again), 1893-1897
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Spanish-American War: Conflict between the United States and Spain, resulting in the acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
25. William McKinley, 1897-1901
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Spanish-American War (1898): Conflict between the United States and Spain, resulting in the acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
26. Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Panama Canal (1904-1914): Roosevelt's administration oversaw the construction of the Panama Canal, a major engineering feat that facilitated trade and military transportation.
27. William H. Taft (1909-1913)
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Dollar Diplomacy (1909-1913): Taft's policy of using American economic influence to promote stability and access to markets in Latin America and East Asia.
28. Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921
GILDED AGE: 1877-1900
Fourteen Points (1918): Wilson's post-World War I plan for peace, advocating for principles such as self-determination and the League of Nations.
29. Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923
ROARING TWENTIES: 1920-1929
Teapot Dome Scandal (1921-1922): Harding's administration was marred by this scandal involving the illegal leasing of government-owned oil reserves.
30. Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929
ROARING TWENTIES: 1920-1929
Roaring Twenties (1920s): Coolidge's presidency was marked by economic prosperity and cultural change, characterized by consumerism and technological advancements.
31. Herbert Hoover, 1929-1933
ROARING TWENTIES: 1920-1929
Great Depression (1929-1941): Hoover's presidency was overshadowed by the worst economic downturn in American history, marked by widespread unemployment and poverty.
32. Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1933-1945
THE NEW DEAL/ERA OF REFORM: 1929-1945
New Deal (1933-1938): Roosevelt's series of programs and reforms aimed at providing relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression, including Social Security and the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
33. Harry S. Truman, 1945-1953
THE NEW DEAL/ERA OF REFORM: 1929-1945
Truman Doctrine (1947): Truman's policy aimed at containing the spread of communism, providing economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey.
34. Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953-1961
THE COLD WAR: 1945-1968
Interstate Highway System (1956): Eisenhower signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act, leading to the construction of the interstate highway system, promoting economic growth and national defense.
35. John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963
THE COLD WAR: 1945-1968
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962): Kennedy's confrontation with the Soviet Union over the placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba, which brought the world to the brink of nuclear war.
36. Lyndon B. Johnson, 1963-1969
THE COLD WAR: 1945-1968
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (1964): Johnson signed this landmark legislation, outlawing discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
37. Richard M. Nixon, 1969-1974
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Watergate Scandal (1972-1974): Nixon's involvement in the cover-up of the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters, leading to his resignation from the presidency.
38. Gerald Ford, 1974-1976
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Pardon of Richard Nixon (1974): Ford granted a full pardon to Nixon for any crimes he may have committed while in office, causing controversy and contributing to Ford's defeat in the next election.
39. Jimmy Carter, 1977-1981
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Camp David Accords (1978): Carter's negotiation of peace between Israel and Egypt, resulting in a historic peace treaty between the two nations.
40. Ronald Reagan, 1981-1989
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Reaganomics (1980s): Reagan's economic policies, including tax cuts, deregulation, and increased military spending, aimed at stimulating economic growth and combating inflation.
41. George Bush, 1989-1993
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Gulf War (1990-1991): Bush's administration led a coalition of nations in a military operation to expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait, following Iraq's invasion of the country.
42. Bill Clinton, 1993-2001
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
NAFTA (1994): Clinton signed the North American Free Trade Agreement, creating a free trade zone between the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
43. George W. Bush, 2001-2009
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
War on Terror (2001-present): Bush's response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks, including the invasion of Afghanistan and the subsequent war in Iraq.
44. Barack Obama, 2009-2017
DÉTENTE/RAPPROACHEMENT: 1968-2000
Affordable Care Act (2010): Obama's signature healthcare reform, also known as Obamacare, aimed at increasing access to health insurance and reducing healthcare costs.