Maths skills

circumference of a circle

2xpixr

Area of circle

pi x r squared

surface area of cuboid

2 x (bh + bl + hl)

volume of cuboid

h x b x l

surface area of cylinder

2 x pi x r (r+l)

volume of cylinder

pi x r squared x l

surface area of sphere

4 x pi x r squared

volume of sphere

4/3 x pi x r cubed

magnification

magnification = image / actual

Rf

distance travelled by solvent / distance travelled by solvent front

reaction rate

mol/dm3/sec

breathing rate

breaths/min

proportion of polymorphic gene loci

polymorphic gene / total genes

RQ

volume of CO2 / volume of oxygen

Efficiency of biomass transfer

energy in / energy in

Q10

how much rate of reaction changes with 10 degree change in temperature

standard dev overlap

cannot prove significant difference

Accepting or rejecting null hypothesis

accept: calculated value is less than critical value at p=0.05

reject: calculated value is more than critical value at p=0.05

Chi squared df

n-1

spearman’s rank df

n-2

paired t test df

n-1

unpaired t test df

n-2