1.7 Inorganic ions

Where are inorganic ions found in the body?

In solution in cytoplasm and body fluid, some in high concentrations and others in very low concentrations.

Describe the role of hydrogen ions

Maintain pH levels in the body → high concentration = acidic / low pH

Affects enzyme rate of reaction as can cause enzymes to denature

Describe the role of iron ions

Component of haem group of haemoglobin

Allowing oxygen to bind / associate for transport as oxyhaemoglobin

Describe the role of sodium ions

Involved in co-transport of glucose / amino acids into cells

Involved in action potentials in neurones

Affects water potential of cells / osmosis

Describe the role of phosphate ions

Component of nucleotides, allowing phosphodiester bonds to form in DNA / RNA

Component of ATP, allowing energy release

Phosphorylates other compounds making them more reactive

Hydrophilic part of phospholipids, allowing a bilayer to form