unit 2: population

ap human geo

Traditionally, the Ganges Valley and the Nile Valley have had comparatively high population densities because of their..

intensive agriculture based on irrigation.

Prior to 1850 the location of all major North American cities was related, chiefly, to the presence of..

navigable waterways.

Why are most South American population centers located at or near the coast?

The colonial economies were export-oriented.

Which of the following helps explain the current distribution of earth’s human population as shown in the above map?

All of the above.

The four major population clusters in the world include all of the following regions EXCEPT

South America.

Of the following, which region contains the smallest percentage of the world’s population?

The Southern Hemisphere.

Which of the following is NOT among the top ten most populous countries of the world today?

Ukraine.

Which of the following regions had the smallest percentage of people living in urban areas at the end of the twentieth century (i.e. the lowest "urbanization percentage")?

South Asia.

On the map above, which letter represents the region with the greatest proportion of the Chinese population?

D

On the map above, which letter represents the region with the greatest proportion of the Canadian population?

E.

On the map above, which letter represents the region with the greatest proportion of the population of South America?

D.

The map above shows the number of people per unit of land. In other words, the map shows..

Arithmetic density.

Which of the following best identifies the data for the Eastern Great Rift Valley, shown on the map?

High arithmetic density.

Which of the following best identifies the data for WESTERN (left side of map shown above!) China, shown on the map?

Low arithmetic density.

Which statement best explains an environmental impact of China's population distribution?

The population distribution shown requires more intensive use of limited soil and water resources to increase the carrying capacity of agricultural land.

Which of the following types of population information is shown on the map?

Arithmetic density.

Population patterns shown on the map indicate that areas around river deltas and upland lake and river valleys have higher densities. Which of the following best explains why these regions are more heavily populated?

These regions have higher carrying capacities.

Which of the following describes information a geographer could identify from the map of urban populations in Brazil?

Patterns of arithmetic density within specific regions.

Which of the following best explains a likely effect of Brazil’s population distribution?

Uneven economic development as eastern Brazil experiences more growth than the sparsely inhabited western regions.

The ability of a resource base to sustain a population is known as its..

Carrying capacity.

The number of people supported by a unit of land suitable for agriculture (arable land) is called..

Physiological density.

Physiological population density differs from crude (arithmetic) population density in that physiological density..

explains density in terms of people per arable square land unit, while crude density explains density in terms of people per total square land unit.

Sri Lanka and Australia have about the same population. What data would help you determine which country has a higher physiological population density?

The amount of arable land in each country.

Physiological population density is viewed as a superior measure of population density for which of the following reasons?

 It is more reflective of population pressure on arable land.

Of the following countries, which has the lowest physiological density (fewest people per unit of arable land)?

Argentina.

Which of the following explains why a country with a high physiological density (e.g., Japan, Egypt, or the Netherlands) risks exceeding its carrying capacity?

The population places a large amount of pressure on the arable land to produce enough food without risking severe environmental degradation.

Thomas Malthus based his work on population on which of the following premises?

Food production increases arithmetically and population increases exponentially.

Which of the following best explains why, in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Thomas Malthus proposed his population theory?

Malthus theorized that, if left unchecked by regular cycles of famine and misery, population would increase beyond the ability to feed itself.

In the early part of the Industrial Revolution in Europe, Thomas Malthus developed a theory that population increases exponentially, while food production can increase only arithmetically. Which of the following statements best explains how the Industrial Revolution reduced the threats forecast by Malthus?

The resulting rural-to-urban migration for jobs in factories led to a decline in birth rates and lowered population growth rates below what Malthus predicted.

The Malthusian view of the world argues that..

famine in developing countries can be explained by examining their patterns of population growth.

Malthusian theory would explain which of the following possible consequences of high birth rates in a less developed country?

Famine and starvation will occur as demand outpaces agricultural production.

In which of the following contexts could a neo-Malthusian perspective most successfully explain population characteristics?

A country with a high rate of natural population increase, where food supplies are at risk.

Neo-Malthusian theory can be used to explain which of the following situations?

South Sudan experienced famine during the twenty-first century as a result of war and drought.

Neo-Malthusians argue that..

in addition to outstripping food supply, world population growth is also overtaxing other resources like energy, arable land, and clean water.

Based on the diagram of the demographic transition model, which of the following correctly describes the expected population change over time?

As birth rates are higher than death rates, population growth is high.

A country in the first stage of the demographic transition demonstrates which of the following?

High birth rates, high death rates, and low rates of population growth.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the demographic transition model?

It is characterized by relatively low growth rates at stage 1 and stage 4.

A country in the stage 2 of the demographic transition demonstrates which of the following?

High birth rates, rapidly declining death rates, very high rate of population growth