ocean midterm

6 subfields of oceanography

geological, biological, chemical, physical, engineering, policy

aristotle

figured out sun evaporated water; first person to ever catalog marine animals

greeks

first to ask questions about the ocean and document research

phonecians

first to have a navy

posidinous

first to measure the ocean depth

ptolemy

created the first world atlas

christopher columbus

“discovered” the new world and south america

james cook

discovered the great barrier reef

amerigo vespucci

found the new world; america was named after him

vasco nunez balboa

discovered the pacific ocean

ferdinand magellan

first person to circumnavigate the earth

john harrison

made the first sea clock

matt maury

first true oceanographer; created the first winds and currents chart

charles darwin

described and collected marine life

edward forbes

1st to make an attempt about orderly predictions of the ocean

victor hensen and johannes muller

discovered plankton

the challenger expedition

the most comprehensive single oceanographic expedition ever taken; 400 stops; thompson and murray were captains

john murray

started a marine research station

charles thompson

wrote the book: depths of the sea

fridjtok nansen

1st arctic explorer and designed a ship specifically to sail through icel

lord kelvin

made the first tide predicting machine

SEASAT

first satellite to study the ocean; helped view global currents and helped predicted weather

SEASTAR

studied the distribution of chlorophyll and plant life in oceans and helped determined ocean health

step 1 of ocean floor spreading

lava erupts from rift valley

step 2 of ocean floor spreading

as ocean floor moves, lava wells up and hardens

step 3 of ocean floor spreading

as a piece of the ocean floor moves, it takes a continent with it

what are the 7 lithospheric plates

pacific, north american, south american, eurasian, african, indo-australian, antarctic