L4 - Taxonomy and Phylogeny

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6 Terms

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Taxonomy:

Study of the principles of scientific classification; systematic ordering and naming of organisms

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How are species named?

  1. Common name - Not standardized

  2. Scientific (Latin) name - Standardized

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Binomial Scientific names consist of -

Genus - Italics, 1st letter capitalized

Species - Italics, all lowercase

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How else can the species name be written

(no italics for both) “sp.“ for singular

“spp.“ for plural (trinomial nomenclature for subspecies)

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Phylogeny:

The origin and diversification of any taxon, or the evolutionary history of its origin and diversification

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Phylogenetic tree:

A tree diagram showing the hypothesized evolutionary history between different organisms