Ch. 7 Cellular Transport: Diffusion And Osmosis

Phospholipid bilayer

The cell membrane is made of what?

Semi

The cell membrane is ____ permeable

Chooses what enters and exits the cell

semi permeable means what?

High low

Diffusion always causes particles to move from ____ to ____ concentration

No

Does a cell use energy when molecules diffuse in or out of the cell down the concentration gradient?

Active transport

_____ requires energy to transport molecules against a concentration gradient

Osmosis diffusion

In ____ and ______ no energy is used.

Facilitated diffusion

Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels

Concentration

Amount of a substance In a certain place

Diffusion

Moves particles like oxygen into cells

Osmosis

Moves water in and out of cells

Selectively permeable membrane

Allows some substances through

Passive transport

The movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy

Endocytosis

A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.

Exocytosis

release of substances out a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane.

hypertonic solution

Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water

hypotonic solution

Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water

isotonic solution

a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell

fluid mosaic model

Structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer.

protein pump

type of cell membrane protein used to move small things against the concentration gradient (against diffusion)

Pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells

solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Solution

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

the universal solvent

water