Sem 2 Exam Review💀

1945 Agreement between Soviet Union and USA regarding Korea

Hold elections to reunify Korea.

Impact of POWs and local peoples on Japanese war machine

Submitting to forced labor.

Woodrow Wilson's strong argument at Paris Peace Conference

A League of Nations to prevent future wars.

Japan’s solution to labor shortages during war

Brought in Korean and Chinese laborers.

Western nations' hopes for new colonies after 1880

Raw materials for their industries and markets to sell their products.

Churchill's postwar Soviet policy metaphor

Iron curtain.

Cause of rapid industrialization in Europe and USA

Railroads.

Difficulty in implementing self-determination

Eastern European population was too mixed to draw boundaries along ethnic lines.

Main reasons for the start of World War I

Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, Nationalism.

Reason for Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on Serbia

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Reason US sent troops to Vietnam

Stop the north from controlling the south.

What caused the ‘Great Fear’ among peasants

Fear of a foreign army attacking to restore the monarchy.

Outcome for Germany after World War II

Divided between France, Great Britain, USA, and the Soviet Union.

Germany's motivation for attacking the Soviet Union

Desire for the Soviets’ riches.

Post-World War II Nuremberg Trials

Nazi leaders were tried for their crimes against humanity.

Enlightenment thought reflected in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

An end to aristocratic privileges.

Meaning of trench warfare being a war of attrition

Wearing down the enemy with constant attacks but causing heavy loss of life.

Effect of bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Ended war in the Pacific.

Citizen preference for indirect rule over direct rule

Fewer changes to their way of life.

Cause of stalemate in trench warfare

Trench warfare caused stalemate on the Western Front.

Forced labor's problem for Germany

Disrupted industrial production in occupied countries.

Reason Japan seized Manchuria and north China

Needed raw materials for its industries.

Coal production expansion during Industrial Revolution

Needed to produce iron and run steam engines.

Purpose of bombing cities in WWII

Frighten civilians and weaken morale.

France's stance after WWII in Vietnam

Refused to end its colonial rule.

Civil war outbreak in Russia post-WWI

Many people opposed the Bolshevik government.

Holocaust victims

Large numbers of European Jews.

Goal of the Marshall Plan

Restore economic stability of European nations after WWII.

Impact of the assembly line on goods' cost

Produced more goods in the same time, so they cost less.

Land Russia lost in Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Eastern Poland, Ukraine, Finland, and the Baltic provinces.

European interest in West Africa

Raw materials.

Economic crisis causing the French Revolution

Bad harvests and a manufacturing slowdown.

Berlin Wall's purpose

Stop the flow of refugees from East Germany.

Strategy of the Schlieffen Plan

First defeat France; second attack Russia.

Significance of Normandy's second front

Allowed Allies to attack Germany from the west while attacking from the east.

Racist attitude during the Age of Imperialism

White Man’s Burden.

Cause of the Great Rebellion (Mutiny)

Rumors of rifle cartridge greasing.

Warsaw Pact's intent

Create a military alliance in Eastern Europe.

Importance of petroleum

Internal-combustion engines ran on it.

Outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad for Germany

The entire Sixth Army surrendered.

Promise of the Truman Doctrine

Economic aid to countries threatened by communism.

Difference in the U.S. experience during WWII

Not fighting on its own territory.

Karl Marx's book explaining socialist theory

Communist Manifesto.

Importance of Iwo Jima for Allies

Used by Japan to support naval forces.

Khrushchev's agreement during Cuban missile crisis

Remove missiles from Cuba if USA would not invade.

Germany's opposition to Treaty of Versailles Article 231

Held Germany responsible for war and required reparations.

Henry Ford's significance in American industrialization

Mass production using assembly line, keeping costs low.

Potsdam Conference's revelation of Stalin’s intentions

Planned pro-Soviet governments in Eastern Europe.

Hitler's belief for dominating other countries

Germany’s people were superior.

Turning point of war in the Pacific

Battle of Midway Island.

Japan's Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere purpose

Exploit resources of its colonies.

Result of the Battle of Britain

British air force rebuilt strength, invasion canceled.

International organization created post-WWII

United Nations.

Truman's reason for atomic bomb dropping on Japan

Invasion would kill too many U.S. troops.

Great Britain's facilitation of Industrial Revolution

Had a lot of money and natural resources.

Effect of industrialization on social classes and socialism

Bad conditions created working class, leading to socialism suggestions.

Hitler's expectation of Treaty of Versailles enforcement

European states would not mobilize military.

US and Great Britain’s希望 for Eastern Europe

Free elections to determine future.

Soviet blockade of West Berlin's intent

Halt creation of a West German state.

Acts causing American WWI involvement

Zimmerman Telegram & Sinking of the Lusitania.

Event leading to US entry into WWII

Bombing of Pearl Harbor.

Directory’s reliance after Reign of Terror

Had to rely on military for authority.

Primary reason US declared war on Germany

Unrestricted submarine warfare.

US “island-hopping campaign” objective

Get close enough to mainland Japan.

Factory system caused poor conditions leading to

Socialist movement.

Definition of mass production

Production in large amounts, usually by machinery.

Control in total war

Governments controlled economies and resources.

US perception of Cuba as a threat

Cuba had ties with Soviets, only 90 miles away.

Lands Russia gave to Germany post-WWI outcome

Created into independent nations based on ethnic groups.

Russian strategy against Napoleon’s Grand Army

Retreated and burned villages.

No-man’s-land definition

Territory separating troops.

Definition of the Cold War

Conflict between USA and Soviet Union.

Paris Peace Accords definition

Agreement ending Vietnam War.

Bay of Pigs event explanation

Failed CIA attempt to overthrow Cuban government.

Arms Race in Cold War context

Building US and USSR nuclear arsenals.

Definition of Proxy Wars

USA and USSR fighting other wars indirectly.

Genocide definition

Deliberate mass murder of a racial group.

Auschwitz significance

Hitler’s largest extermination center in Poland.

Final Solution explained

Plan to exterminate Jewish population.

Ghettos in Holocaust context

Districts where Jews were required to live.

Einsatzgruppen definition

German SS mobile death squads in Russia.

Blitzkrieg meaning

Lightning war with Panzer divisions.

Munich Conference result

Allowed German occupation of Sudetenland.

Appeasement definition

Satisfying demands for peace.

Rome-Berlin Axis definition

Alliance between Mussolini and Hitler.

Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact explanation

Alliance between Hitler and Stalin.

Manhattan Project description

Secret atomic bomb program of the USA.

Battle of the Bulge description

Last major German offensive of the war.

Battle of Leningrad significance

900-day siege causing civilian deaths.

Blitz in WWII definition

Heavy German bombing of British cities.

Kamikaze description

Japanese suicide pilots against Allied ships.

Estates-General definition

The French parliament.

Bourgeoisie definition

The French middle class.

Taille definition

Land tax harming the Third Estate the most.

First Estate definition

Social class of French clergy.

National Assembly definition

Name taken by Third Estate for new constitution.

Klemens von Metternich description

Most influential at Congress of Vienna.

Nationalism definition

Unique cultural identity of a people.

Duke of Wellington description

Led British and Prussian forces against Napoleon.

Conservatism definition

Belief in tradition and social stability.