Studied by 75 people
intelligence
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use of knowledge to adapt to new situations
intelligence test
a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
general intelligence
(g) a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
factor analysis
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score
emotional intelligence
the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
mental age
a measure of intelligence test performance, the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
IQ
the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100
achievement test
a test designed to assess what a person has learned
aptitude test
a test designed to predict a person’s future performance
standardization
defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group
reliability
the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting
validity
the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
content validity
the extent to which a test samples the behaviour that is of interest
predictive validity
the success with which a test predicts the behaviour it is designed to predict
crystallized intelligence
our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
fluid intelligence
our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood
savant syndrome
a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing
heritability
the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes
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