soul, mind and body

dualism

the idea that there are two aspects to a human being, the physical and mental

materialism

the idea that human beings consist of physical matter alone

monism

the idea that human beings are made up of one substance

plato was a _______

dualist

what did plato believe

that the body would not survive death but the soul would continue

what does the charioteer represent

intellect

what does the white horse represent

spirit

what does the black horse represent

desires

what three aspects make up the soul in platos beliefs

the charioteer, the white horse and the black horse

aspects of the soul, reason

- searches for the truth

- rules the soul

aspects of the soul, spirit

- aggressiveness

- being honorable

- emotional

aspects of the soul, desire/appetite

- the desire for what is necessary(food)

- the desire for what is necessary(luxuries)

- perverted desires

the souls journey

starts in realm of the forms, goes to body, goes back to the realm of the forms or reincarnation

argument from knowledge

learning is therefore remembering

argument from opposites

• the body and soul are opposites

• one makes the other necessary

• death is an event, the soul leaving the body

what does psyche mean in English

soul

what does telos mean

purpose

efficient cause of the body

soul

formal cause of the body

gives form to the matter of the body

final cause of the body

causes growth and development in the body

platos beliefs (2)

• Chariotte

• soul is reincarnated

aristotles beliefs

soul dies when body dies

arationalist

soul is separate from body

descartes beliefs (3)

• body and mind are separate

• interact through pineal gland

• mind/soul survive with god

scepticism

casting doubt on everything

the pineal gland quote

'seat of the soul'

hard materialism (5)

• no seperate soul

• theres only matter

• identity is linked to the physical person

• all emotions derive from the brain

• mental activity is linked to physical being

soft materialism (2)

• could argue that not all characteristics are physical but emotions are not separate from the body

• consciousness is more than a brain process