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Stereotypes
Generalized beliefs about groups of people that reduce one’s cognitive load when making decisions on judgements, by simplifying the world (due to Confirmation Bias and Belief Perseverence)
Prejudice
An unjustifiable and typically negative attitude toward an “outgroup” and its members
Discrimination
Unjustifiable negative behavior towards a group and its members
Explicit Bias
A negative attitude of which a person is aware toward a group
Implicit Bias
A negative, unconscious attitude toward a group
Just-World Phenomenon
A cognitive bias, shown by the belief that people “get what they deserve”
Outgroup Homogeneity Bias
A cognitive bias, shown when people underestimate the diversity of groups to which they do not belong, while assuming their own groups are diverse
Ingroup Bias
A cognitive bias, shown by favoritism toward members of a group to which one is perceived to belong
Ethnocentrism
The tendency to see one’s own culture as superior to others
Confirmation Bias
The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.
Belief Perseverence
The tendency to maintain one’s beliefs even after they have been discredited by factual information.