Phases of Swallowing

These flashcards cover the key terms and concepts related to the phases of swallowing.

Oral phase

The first phase of swallowing, which is voluntary and involves preparation and transport of food to create a bolus.

Bolus

A small rounded mass of substance, especially food, prepared for swallowing.

Pharyngeal phase

The second phase of swallowing, which is involuntary and begins when the bolus reaches the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces.

Esophageal phase

The third phase of swallowing, which is involuntary and involves the movement of the bolus down the esophagus.

Anterior spillage

The loss of bolus from the front of the mouth, often leading to drooling.

Posterior spillage

The movement of bolus into the pharynx before the swallow is initiated.

Mastication

The process of chewing food in preparation for swallowing.

Lingual stripping

A movement of the tongue that helps transport the bolus from the anterior mouth to the posterior during swallowing.

Labial seal

The closure of the lips, critical for containment of the bolus during the oral phase.

Cranial nerves

Nerves that are involved in sensory innervation and motor control related to swallowing.

Hyoid bone

A bone that elevates during swallowing and is involved in the movement of the laryngeal complex.

Velar elevation

The upward movement of the soft palate to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing.

UES (Upper Esophageal Sphincter)

The sphincter between the pharynx and the esophagus that opens to allow the bolus to enter the esophagus.

Pharyngeal contraction

The tightening of the pharyngeal muscles to propel the bolus down toward the esophagus.

Epiglottic inversion

The motion of the epiglottis folding down to cover the airway during swallowing to protect it from food.