ABSOLUTE MONARCHS

Absolute Monarchs

Rulers with total power over their states.

Reformation

Movement that reduced church power in Europe.

Colonial Wealth

Great riches acquired from overseas colonies.

Divine Right

Belief that monarchs derive authority from God.

Philip II

King of Spain known for wealth and Inquisition.

Catholic Inquisition

Church court to maintain Catholic doctrine.

Henry VIII

Tudor King who broke from Catholic Church.

Elizabeth I

Daughter of Henry VIII; developed Anglican Church.

Louis XIV

French king known as 'the Sun King.'

Palace of Versailles

Lavish residence with 2,300 rooms in France.

Peter the Great

Czar who westernized Russia and founded St. Petersburg.

James I

First Stuart king; founded Jamestown colony.

Charles I

Executed for treason after civil war with Parliament.

Oliver Cromwell

Military dictator who abolished the monarchy.

Commonwealth of England

Period of republican government after monarchy's abolition.

Charles II

Restored monarchy; known as 'Merry Monarch.'

James II

Roman Catholic king overthrown in Glorious Revolution.

William and Mary

Offered throne; established constitutional monarchy.

Glorious Revolution

Bloodless overthrow of James II in 1688.

Parliament

Legislative body that limited royal power.

Civil War

Conflict between Parliament and royalists in England.

Petition of Right

Document limiting the powers of the king.