Science and Technology Issues in Global Development

This collection of flashcards is designed to help students review key concepts related to Gender & Intersectionality in Science & Technology for Development, focusing on responsible innovation and societal implications.

What is the focus of STS3790 Week 11?

Gender & Intersectionality in Science & Technology for Development.

Who is the instructor for STS3790?

Dr. Conor Douglas.

What might be an objective for students by the end of Week 11?

Define gender and identify key waves in the history of feminism.

What question does the concept of gender aim to address?

'Made not born', it designates social relations between individuals.

According to the notes, who constitutes a large part of the global illiterate population?

Women.

What is a key concern addressed in Feminist STS?

The lack of women in science and technology fields.

How is 1st wave feminism characterized?

Focus on individual freedom and the extension of Enlightenment principles.

What does liberal feminism advocate for?

Individual freedom and equal rights for all citizens.

What is considered a key issue of the 2nd wave of feminism?

Attention to domestic violence and marital rape.

What does the term 'intersectionality' refer to?

The overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage.

What does the matrix of domination encompass?

Structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, and interpersonal levels of oppression.

What was notably absent in the field of science regarding gender?

Women are significantly underrepresented in STEM fields.

What unique perspective does the intersectional sociologist aim to bring?

Understanding how patterns of intersection produce particular experiences of oppression.

In what context does responsible innovation especially need to be considered?

In the global South.

What does Standpoint methodology prioritize?

Starting from the lives and experiences of disadvantaged groups.

What role does reflexivity play in responsible research?

It encourages critical self-reflection on the assumptions underlying research.

What does RRI stand for?

Responsible Research and Innovation.

What is a major critique of traditional scientific practices?

Their failure to account for social and ethical implications.

What approach does the Responsible Innovation framework advocate for?

Anticipation, inclusion, reflexivity, and responsiveness.

What was one outcome of the SPICE project's stage-gate review process?

The testbed was postponed due to ethical concerns.

Which SDG focuses on Gender Equality?

SDG 5.

How many women are currently represented in research?

Less than 30%.

What percentage of female students choose to pursue STEM studies?

About 30%.

Who argued that 'not all suffering is equal'?

Arguelles.

What aspect does the term 'public engagement' refer to?

Involving the public in governance and research debates.

What should responsible innovation accommodate?

Culturally specific narratives and local contexts.

What is an important critique of risk-based governance models?

They often overlook social and ethical dimensions.

In terms of governance, what does adaptability refer to?

How innovation systems can change in response to societal needs.

What does the 2nd wave feminist approach emphasize?

Liberation rather than equity.

What do the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include?

Goals targeting global issues like poverty, hunger, and health.

What does RRI aim to integrate?

Ethics, societal needs, and stakeholder values in research.

How are effectiveness and inclusivity related in RRI?

Engagement processes can enhance both by incorporating diverse voices.

What does the term 'policy pull' refer to?

Influence of existing policies on the direction of research.

Which programming approach relates to responsible innovation?

Constructive Technology Assessment.

What is critical for developing responsible innovation frameworks?

Understanding local needs and values.

What major societal issues does RRI aim to respond to?

Global challenges like climate change and inequality.

What role do emotional and affective labor play in innovation?

They shape how stakeholders perceive and engage with innovation.

What is the significance of anticipatory governance?

It allows for foresight in mitigating unintended consequences.

How does the concept of inclusion work in the RRI framework?

By ensuring diverse stakeholder representation in innovation discussions.

What do participatory methods in governance aim to address?

Ensure that decision-making reflects the values and needs of the public.

Which type of engagement is often advocated in RRI?

Multi-stakeholder engagement.

What are the 'sticky questions' concept?

Challenging and often unasked ethical dilemmas in research.

What approach is taken to public policy in relation to innovation?

It prioritizes open scientific governance based on collaboration.

What representational risk is associated with imposing universal frameworks?

It can lead to neo-colonial dynamics.

What outcome is expected from successful engagement in responsible innovation?

Greater responsiveness to societal challenges.

What does the SPICE project symbolize?

The ethical implications and debates surrounding geoengineering.

What approach do scientists and innovators tend to take towards their autonomy?

Often resist public engagement and anticipate public scrutiny.

What forms of knowledge production are vital in RRI?

Both scientific and indigenous knowledge systems.

What does responsiveness encompass in the context of RRI?

Adjusting to new knowledge and societal feedback.

When should responsible innovation principles be applied?

At all stages of scientific and technological development.

What is a potential barrier to successful public engagement?

The complexity and diversity of public opinions.

What is the significance of scientific autonomy in research?

It can limit accountability and responsiveness in innovation.

What challenge must RRI address in the global South?

Understanding local contexts, needs, and governance styles.

What exemplifies a systemic change in innovation governance?

Bringing together diverse social actors to address technological risks.