Lesson 12 Study GuideTest Review - US History (Section 3/4 Indian Wars Shatter Tribal Cultures and Settling the Great Plains)

What was essential to Native Americans in terms of life and culture?

Nomadic (travel for food), believe in spirits, communal way of life, women treated as equals

How was Native American culture impacted by westward expansion?

Buffalo destruction, illness’ brought, assimilation (changed the way of Indian life), took land

How did the railroads affect Native American culture?

Largest contributor of loss of bison

How did assimilation affect Native American culture?

Forced Native Americans to become apart of the more dominant culture

What was the Dawes Act & how did it impact Indian life?

• Federal law passed in distributing land to individual Indians rather than to tribes, this was to limit total land controlled by Native Americans

• broke up families

Who were the Exodusters & what drew them to life out west?

• Thousands of African American people making their way to life out west to escape racism

• were able to have land opportunities

How did the Homestead Act encourage people of all races and cultures to settle the west?

* Homestead Act was a pull factor, federal law granted 160 acres to western settlers who agrees to work and live on it

What was life like on the plains?

• Housing:

• Roles for family members:

• Adapting to surroundings/environments:

• Housing: made from the sides of small hills, dirt/saud

• Roles for family members: Dad (labor) and mom (clean and cook/homesteader)

• Adapting to surroundings/environments: irrigation because of limited rainfall and used mud for houses bc limited wood