Methodological Approaches to Studying Human Development

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to methodological approaches in developmental psychology, focusing on research methods, data types, experimental designs, and ethical considerations in studies involving children.

Developmental Psychology

The scientific study of how humans grow and change over time.

Self-reports

Research method where individuals describe their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors, often through interviews or questionnaires.

Observations

Method of collecting data by watching and recording behavior in natural or controlled settings.

Computer modeling

Simulations used to explore how knowledge or understanding develops in individuals.

Quantitative data

Measurable, numerical information that is useful for testing hypotheses and identifying patterns.

Qualitative data

In-depth insights into individual experiences, useful for building new theories.

Correlational designs

Research designs aimed at detecting systematic relations between variables, estimating their strength but not establishing causation.

Experimental designs

Research methods that aim to establish causal links by manipulating an independent variable and observing changes in a dependent variable.

Field experiments

Experimental designs conducted in real-world settings to enhance ecological validity while maintaining causal inference.

Natural experiments

Studies that observe naturally occurring changes or exposures when ethical or practical manipulation is not possible.

Case studies

Intensive studies of a single individual or group, used to explore rare or unusual phenomena.

Triangulation

Combining multiple data sources (self-reports, informant reports, observation) to cross-validate findings.

Informed consent

Approval given by participants or guardians after being informed about the study's purpose, risks, and procedures.

Observer bias

A systematic error that occurs when researchers' preconceptions influence their observations and interpretations.

Ecological validity

The extent to which study findings generalize to real-world settings and behaviors.

Participatory Research

Research where participants help design and collect data, often aimed at empowering communities.

Bio & Psychophysiological Measures

Data collection methods using physiological indicators, like fMRI or EEG, to understand cognitive processes.

Ethics in research with children

Principles ensuring the welfare of child participants, including informed consent, protection from harm, and age-appropriate methods.