Untitled Flashcards Set

Optimism

A general expectation that good things will happen in the future.

Pessimism

The tendency to expect negative things in the future.

Dispositional optimism

A global expectation that good things will happen and bad things will not.

Benefits of dispositional optimism

Better coping, problem-solving, health, work performance, motivation, and longevity.

Explanatory style

The way we think about the causes of events, forming the basis for optimism or pessimism.

Dimensions of explanatory style

Stability (stable vs. temporary), Pervasiveness (global vs. specific), Locus of control (internal vs. external).

Defensive pessimism

Negative thinking that channels anxiety into successful achievement.

Components of hope

Pathways (finding ways to reach goals) and agency (motivation to use those pathways).

Internal locus of control

Belief that outcomes are under personal control.

External locus of control

Belief that outcomes are influenced by external factors.

Self-esteem

The evaluative component of self-concept.

Sociometer theory

Self-esteem serves as a metric for monitoring social relationships.

SMART goals

Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-based.

WOOP model

A goal-setting strategy for initiating and sustaining effort toward goals.

Procrastination

Voluntary delay of an intended action despite knowing it will make things worse.

Grit

Passion and perseverance for long-term, meaningful goals.

Growth mindset

Believing that qualities can be developed through effort.

Flow

A state of complete absorption in an activity.