Unit 3 Vocab Genetics

Transcription Factor

A protein that contains a sequence-specific DNA binding domain

Gal4

A transcription factor in yeast composed of a DNA-binding domain and an activating region that binds to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene expression, often used as a model for studying eukaryotic transcription.

Gal80

A regulatory protein in yeast that is a transcription repressor that inhibits the transcriptional activation of Gal4 by binding to it, thus preventing it from activating gene expression in the presence of glucose

Gal-3

A protein in humans that is encoded by the LGALS3 gene, located on chromosome 14, binds to beta-galactosides. Multifunctional protein acting in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and extracellular space

Activation domain

A part of a transcription factor required for the activation of target gene transcription, it may bind to components of the transcriptional machinery or may recruit proteins that modify chromatin structure or both

DNA binding domain

The site on a DNA-binding protein that directly interacts with specific DNA sequences

Reporter gene

Galactose

Enhancer elements

Mediator complex

Transcriptionally active domain (TAD)

TFIID

Enhansosome

TBP

miRNA

siRNA

DICER

RISC

Argonaute

Methylation

Methyltransferase

Acetylation

Histone

Histone Code

Chromatin

Nucleosome

RNAi

Silencing

Epigenetics

Band (as in, DNA, on a gel)

Polymorphism

Restriction Enzymes

RFLPs

PCR

SNP

Halotype

Base pair

Base

5’ sticky end

3’ sticky end

Blunt ends

Gel

Southern Blot

Northern Blot

Western Blot

Microsatellites

Plasmid Vector

Clone/Cloning

Restriction fragments

DNA palindrome

Hybridization

Functional Genomes

Reverse Genetics

Forward Genetics

Targeted Mutagenesis

Random Mutagenesis

Insertional Mutagenesis

Transformation

Transfection

EMS

UV

T-DNA

CRISPR

TracrRNA

PAM

crRNA

sgRNA (guide RNA)

CRISPR Locus

Cas locus

Spacer

Repeat

Cas 9

Homologous Recombination

HDR

NHEJ

Knock in

Knock out