Posterior Abdominal Wall (Week 11)

Vertebral bodies of T12-L5, lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas Major Attachments - (2)

Flexes thigh, flexes trunk

Psoas Major Actions - (2)

Ventral rami (L1-L3)

Psoas Major Innervation - (1)

Vertebral bodies of T12-L1, iliopubic eminence

Psoas Minor Attachments - (2)

Weak flexion of trunk

Psoas Minor Actions - (1)

Ventral rami (L1-L2)

Psoas Minor Innervation - (1)

Rib 12, TP of L1-L4, iliac crest

Quadratus Lumborum Attachments - (2)

Extends trunk, laterally flexes trunk (flex trunk), stabilizes rib 12 during inspiration

Quadratus Lumborum Actions - (3)

Ventral rami (T12-L4)

Quadratus Lumborum Innervation - (1)

Iliac fossa, sacrum, lesser trochanter

Iliacus Attachments - (3)

Flexes thigh, stabilizes hip joint

Iliacus Actions - (2)

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Iliacus Innervation - (1)

Iliopsoas, lesser trochanter

The Iliacus and psoas major join together to form the __ muscle/tendon that inserts onto the __ __

Diaphragm

Forms roof of abdomen and part of the posterior abdominal wall; for inspiration

Caval Opening

Passage of Inferior Vena Cava (from central tendon)

Esophageal Hiatus

Passage of Esophagus & Vagal Trunks into abdomen (from right crus)

Median Arcuate Ligament

Ligament between left and right crura

Aortic Hiatus

For passage of Aorta & Thoracic Duct

Lateral Arcuate Ligament

Ligament overlies Quadratus Lumborum

Medial Arcuate Ligament

Ligament overlies Psoas Major & Minor

I ate 10 eggs in Vegas at 12

Openings of Diaphragm Acronym

T8

Caval Opening holding IVC - Spinal level

T10

Esophagus hiatus holding esophagus and vagal trunks - Spinal level

T12

Aortic hiatus holding aorta and thoracic duct - Spinal level

Pericardiacophrenic artery

Branch of internal thoracic a., courses with phrenic n.

Musculophrenic artery

Terminal branch of internal thoracic a., follows costal margin

Superior phrenic artery

Branch from thoracic aorta

Inferior phrenic artery

First paired branches off abdominal aorta

Right inferior phrenic vein

Drains directly to IVC (left or right phrenic vein)

Left inferior phrenic vein

Drains into IVC + left suprarenal vein (left or right phrenic vein)

Phrenic Nerve, C3-5

Motor innervation to diaphragm (and spinal levels)

Anterior (midline) plane

3 unpaired branches, mainly supply GI structures

(vascular plane of abdominal aorta)

Lateral plane

paired branches that supply endocrine and urogenital structures (e.g., kidneys, gonads)

(vascular plane of abdominal aorta)

Posterolateral plane

Paired branches that supply diaphragm and body wall

(vascular plane of abdominal aorta)

Common iliac arteries

The abdominal aorta bifurcates at LV4 into left and right…

T12

Spinal level for celiac trunk

L1

Spinal level for superior mesenteric artery

L3

Spinal level for inferior mesenteric artery

L1

Spinal level for suprarenal and renal arteries

L2

Spinal level for gonadal (testicular or ovarian) artery

T12

Spinal level for inferior phrenic and subcostal arteries

L1-L4

Spinal level for lumbar artery

Left Renal Vein Entrapment

Vein passes is compressed between superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta

Left Renal Vein Entrapment Sx

Hematuria, proteinuria, left flank pain, and (in males) left testicular pain

L1

Spinal level for iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

L2-L3

Spinal levels for lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

L2-L4

Spinal levels for femoral nerve

L1-L2

Spinal levels for genitofemoral nerve

L2-L4

Spinal levels for obturator nerve

L4-L5

Spinal levels for lumbosacral trunk

T5-T9

Greater splanchnic nerve spinal levels

T10-T11

Lesser splanchnic nerve spinal levels

L1-L3

Lumbar splanchnic nerve spinal levels

Celiac ganglion, celiac trunk

Greater splanchnic nerve ganglion + postganglionic fibers coming from…..

Superior mesenteric ganglion, SMA

Lesser splanchnic nerve ganglion + postganglionic fibers coming from…

Inferior mesenteric ganglion, IMA

Lumbar splanchnic nerve ganglion + postganglionic fibers coming from…

Foregut, midgut, hindgut

Greater splanchnic nerve target organ - __

Lesser splanchnic nerve target organ - __

Lumbar splanchnic nerve target organ - __

Vagus nerve, pre-aortic

Parasympathetic preganglionic and ganglionic fibers for foregut and midgut

(from __ plexus)