MIDTERM UTS: Physical, Sexual, Spiritual, Political & Material Self

Physical Self

physiological / biological body

Puberty

• body development as one’s become an adult

• (lot of processes internally and physiologically changes → male and female species = female - menstruation (9 - 14yo) late bloomers if got it by 18 yo; male - develop of wet dreams / seminal discharge (spermatogenesis) (12 - 15 yo))

• changes in the body (common for both - development of hair (armpits, pubic, face, chest, legs); female - enlargement of hips and breast; male - lowering of voice (baritone); height and weight, muscles

Life Span

the period between birth and death of an organism

Prenatal Development

• four major case: fertilization, germinal, embryonic, fetal

• male excretes 300million sperm cell → travel → some die to fallopian tube (female checks it as a foreign substance, only several sperm cells will get to the part of the egg, and one only goes inside the egg)

Fertilization

meetup of mature egg cell and mature sperm cell

• typically lasts 24 hours - several days

Identical Twins

ovum (one fertilized/matured egg)→ zygote splits (one sac) → they are genetically identical → shared placentas

• also known as Monozygotic

Fraternal Twins

ovum splits (two fertilized/matured egg) → continues the split in zygote (two sacs) → genetically distinct → separate placentas

• also known as Dizygotic

• some women can produced two mature egg cells in one cycle, how? genes

Germinal Period

• 1-2 weeks

• the fertilized egg → go uterus (bahay-bata) and get attached (bumaon) to the uterus lining for a pregnancy to happen = source of nutrients (food, water)

• attachments can be superficially implanted or other places implant

  • others: in the fallopian tube, lining of fallopian tube, cervix, shallow uterus part

  • will it flourish if attached in other parts? no

  • might result in ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic Pregnancy

• it will not flourish into full blown pregnancy = miscarriage (superficial implantation)

• if experience miscarriage → raspa (curettage) - uteral lining will have to scraped

  • if not → it might be a toxin to the body of the woman = death

Embryonic Period

• 3-8 weeks

• vital and important milestone because of the development of 2 major system: circulatory and nervous system

Circulatory System

development of heart

Nervous System

development of the brain

first three months

these are the critical times of pregnancy due to the possibility of ectopic pregnancy / miscarriage (either alive or not - baby)

Biological Reproductive Milestone

since they undergo menstruations, that when they reach 40 y.o., they are starting to undergo menopause (hinders them to have a child)

20 - 30 years old

ideal/healthy/safest age to get pregnant (prime years)

ASPD (Antisocial Personality Disorder)

• when women gets pregnant around 40 - 50 years old, there is a possibility of acquiring this disorder (autism spectrum)

Fetal Period

• 9-38 weeks

Postnatal Development

• respiration

• digestion

• temperature regulation

• circulation

Respiration

upon birth we have to breathe on our own, poking the nose (aspiration → to remove mucus or blood component)

Digestion

• eat on his own → either breastfeeding or formula milk

Circulation

• tinatapik yung bata sa pwet to improve blood circulation

Temperature Regulation

• binabalot kaagad ang bata as they are being birthed because of this, it helps them adjust to new environment

Sight

As we born in this world, we are born with all senses except this

Motor Development

• Reflexes - innate involuntary behavior patterns.

• Initial means to survive.

• Sucking, moro reflexes, grasping, etc.

• Fast development during infancy to childhood.

• All senses except sight is well developed during birth.

Language Development

• Cry and grunts as basic form of communication.

• Around 1 year old, babies learn to say their first word.

• Language ability develops as one ages.

Theory of Based on Body Fluids

• date back in Greeks, this can determine or give glimpse of a personality of an individual

Sanguine

• blood

• in general: seeks thrill and variety (outgoing)

• low in tolerating boredom (dynamic; moving; do anything for the adrenaline)

• if they are low: do something in order for them to see that adrenaline (ex: engaging activities - dangerous acts: nagpaparkour, sports action

Sanguine

• cheerful,

• curious,

• creative,

• optimistic,

• energetic,

• spontaneous,

• impulsive,

• assertive,

• goal-oriented

Melancholic

• black bile (a fluid secreted by the liver to digest to break down nutrients when we eat)

• love traditions

• do not look for thrill and variety

• enjoys/preferred calm activities

• if you are high: chill, calm activities

• if you are low: high energy

Melancholic

• loyal

• careful

• traditional

• respectful

• calm

• confident

• orderly

• persistent

• patient

Choleric

• yellow bile (secrete by pancreas - breaks down the food; healthy mechanism/helping liquid to break down food)

• savvy, analytical, straightforward and analogical

• dislike small talk and like meaningful deep conversations

• they are “brainy”; they do not like unfruitful convos

Choleric

• practical

• successful

• independent

• goal-oriented

• analytical

• logical

• decisive

• competent

• tough-minded

Phlegmatic

• phlegm (liquid mucus)

• a people person (easy to engage with people/ initiate conversation)

• seek interpersonal and intimate relationships

Phlegmatic

• unassuming

• agreeable

• intuitive

• imaginative

• empathetic

• warm

• cooperative

• trusting

• considerate

Body Type Theory

these are endomorph, ectomorph, mesomorph (physique shape)

Ectomorph

• small delicate frame and bon structure

• classic “hard gainer”

• flat chest

• small shoulders

• thin

• lean muscle mass

• finds it hard to gain weight

• fast metabolism

Ectomorph

• same as melancholic = malungkutin / tone down / melo

Mesomorph

(ideal body form)

• athletic

• generally hard body

• well defined muscles

• rectangular shaped body

• strong

• gains muscle easily

• gains fat more easily than ectomorphs

(smart, easy-going, critical and analytical: problem solving)

Endomorph

• soft and round body

• gains muscle and fat very easily (malalaman)

• is generally short

• “stocky” build

• round physique

• finds it hard to lose fat

• slow metabolism

• muscles not so well defined

Endomorph

• they are jolly, energetic, happy-go-lucky

Theory of Physiognomy

the basis for this personality is facial features (shape)

Oval

• face gradually tapes toward chin

• wider forehead

• prominent cheekbones

• an ideal face shape (lovable; fleeting/pleasing personality = kinagigiliwan ng lahat: smartypants)

Long

• face gradually taper toward chine

• elongated feature from forehead to chin

• some have prominent chin

(calm, you have a personality of an introvert)

Round

• face width and length almost the same

• widest at the cheeks

(people person = madaling pakisamahan)

Square

• forehead, cheekbones, and jawline almost the same width

• square and bony jawline is prominent feature

(smartypants)

Heart

• face strongly taper toward chine

• chin tend to be pointy

• forehead maybe a prominent feature

  (lovable; fleeting/pleasing personality = kinagigiliwan ng lahat: smartypants)

Diamond

• face highly-angular and somewhat bony

• widest at the temples

• not as common compare to others

  (lovable; fleeting/pleasing personality = kinagigiliwan ng lahat: smartypants)

Type A

• linked to positive traits: creativity, cleverness, and cooperativeness,

• negative traits: stubbornness and uptightness (control freaks; they want to be in command; be in leader)

Type B

• they are supposed to be strong, passionate, empathetic, and decisive

• also been associated with selfishness and erratic behavior (weird: habit or behavior).

• People with this blood type are said to clash with those with type A blood

Type AB

• they include rationality and adaptability,

• weaknesses are indecision, criticalness, and forgetfulness.

• This blood type is largely viewed as having the characteristics of both type A and type B individuals

Type O

• they have characteristics such as confidence, determination, resilience, and intuition/gut-feeling (people-centered)

• they are also self-centered and unstable.

• they are said to especially appear selfish to individuals with type A blood.

Body Image

• total self

• refers to the mental image we form of our own bodies that includes how we feel about our bodies as well as how satisfied or dissatisfied we are with our bodies.

• insecurities: pimple, maitim or maputi, mataba or mapayat, matangkad or masyadong maliit

Ideal Body

the body that we like to have

Appearance

refers to everything about a person that can be observed such as height, weight, skin color, clothes and hairstyle.

Body dysmorphic disorder

people not contented with their self (body) - retoke because of insecurities and not satisfied

Eating Disorder

• Anorexia

• Bulimia

Anorexia

• constant things when it comes to viewing their body

• kahit payat sila in reality, they have this mental picture of being fat = they will not

Bulimia

• they will eat. However, suddenly, they’ll feel guilty of eating too much and will have weight increase = they will stop and vomit

3.4% to 7.8%

between 2000 and 2018, what is the global eating disorder percentage

Japan

• this is the highest prevalence country of eating disorders in Asia

• it is followed by Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea

• they believe that the more you are thin, much better

Austria

highest rate of prevalence in Europe at 1.55% as of 2012

Concept of Beauty

• could be eyes

• symmetry of person’s body

• symmetry, face proportion

• proportional bodies (hourglass, athletic muscle)

yes

could it be a basis for future relationships, primary basis of interaction of others

Matching Phenomenon

• men and women choose partner who are “good match”

• equally attractive as this phenomenon

Physical Attractiveness Stereotype

• presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits as well

• possible standard: tall, dark, and handsome - who possess such

Similarity

• likeness begets liking

• you like this person because the other individual likes you first

Complementarity

• people complete what is missing in the other

• find a partner based on physiological characteristics they lack of

• basically opposite basis: if ur small, you look for tall

Body Modification

• deliberate thought

• dinagdag or binawas: tattoos (taboo; now form of self-expression), makeups (some prefer creative, form of expression; some prefer bare or natural facial feature), and cosmetic surgery

• the reason/intention is the dependent basis if you’re doing an okay or bad job

Primary Sex Characteristics

These are what characteristics of male which include: penis, testes, testicles, scrotum, prostate gland

Testosterone

Male sex hormones; part of primary sex characteristics

Primary Sex Characteristics

These are what characteristics of female which include: vagina, uterus, ovaries

Estrogen
Progesterone

Female sex hormones; part of primary sex characteristics

Secondary Sex Characteristics

These are what characteristics of male which include: facial and body hair, deepening of voice, broadening of chest

Secondary Sex Characteristics

These are what characteristics of female which include: enlargement of breast and widening of the hips, facial and body hair

Penis
Scrotum

this is the muscle and this is the egg in a male reproductive system

Inside part

These are part of the female reproductive system that are more prone to infection

Vasectomy

• the action of cutting the vas deferens to testicle

• done so that women shouldn’t only be the one to control birth

Sex

• individual expression; natural designation or biologically male (penis) or female (vagina)

• sexual intercourse

Sexuality

• encompasses all aspects of sexual behavior: gender identity, orientation, attitudes, and activity

Gender

• their lifestyle; characteristics of women, men, girls, and boys that are socially constructed

Gender Expression

• term for the way that an individual signals their gender identity to the world

Genderfluid

• gender in which you can easily transform or change easily

Transgender

• undergoing transition but not sex change (ex: estrogen pill)

Transexual

• changes reproductive, undergoes surgery; reproductive alignment

everyday
sperm motility
3 days

1. when is male “in heat”?

2. the term that talks about the movement of sperm

3. how long does the sperm last?

Spermatogenesis

the process of producing sperm

Day

when is testosterone high for male

estrogen
sex drive
ovulation
PMS or Fertile Period

1. the 1st - 8th day have low of this = low pregnancy

2. the 9th - 13th day have high estrogen which means high __?

3. what happens on the 14th?

4. the 18th - 22nd day

Erogenous Zone

• area of body particularly sensitive to touch and can trigger sexual arousal and pleasure when stimulated

Sex drive

• natural itch to reproduce

• predicted by male and female

• external factors: pornography: media or hardcopy

Clitoris

What body part turns female on the most? (9.17)

Penis

What body part turns male on the most? (9.00)

Phases of Sexual Response

Excitement Phase
Plateau Phase
Orgasmic Phase
Resolution Phase

William Masters
Virginia Johnson

who discovered Phases of Sexual Response

Excitement Phase

• Increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

• Increased skin temperature.

• Blushing, enlargement of body parts

• Rapid breathing and secretion of genital fluids

Plateau Phase

Changes in the body continuous

Orgasmic Phase

• Rhythmic contractions

• Ejaculation happens

• Abrupt increase in heart rate

• Involuntary vocalization

Resolution Phase

The body turns into its normal state

HIV
AIDS

• (1) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system.
  If (1) is not treated, it can lead to (2).

• Infections caused by direct contact with body fluids such as through blood transfusion, breast feeding, and sexual intercourse may transmit the HIV virus.

Gonorrhea

• masakit sa pag-ihi (leakage in urethra; it is treatable)

• is an STD caused by infection with the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and the urethra in women and men

• transmitted through sexual contact with the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus of an infected partner.

  • can also be spread perinatally from mother to baby during childbirth.

  • people who have had this and received treatment may be reinfected if they have sexual contact with a person infected with gonorrhea.