The enlightenment and Scientific Revoulution

Flashards for fridays test!

Geocentric Theory

-Earth is the center of the universe
-Supported by the Roman Catholic church

Heliocentric Theory

-The belief that sun is in the center of the universe
-Copernicus came up with this theory
-Galileo supported the theory by proving it using his telescope
-Catholic Church didn't support this theory because it went against their geocentric beliefs

Innovations/Advancements of Scientific Revolution

-New technology
-Scientific Method
-Women's rights/women in science

how the Scientific Revolution led to the Enlightenment

People started to question what they had been told and what they believed, relied on their minds instead of authorities.

How the Enlightenment influenced natural law

The concept of Natural Laws was used to challenge the divine rights of monarchs and became a justification for a social contract, positive laws, and government and legal laws to be formed.

John Locke

-Argued that every person was born with a blank mind
-Life, liberty, and property
-democracy
-Opposed mercantilism and the church

Jean Jacques Rousseau

-Wrote the Social Contract
-Rights with boundaries

Voltaire

-civil liberties and natural rights
*freedom of speech
*separation between the church and state

Montesquieu

-Used the Scientific Method to discover natural laws and agreed with Hobbes
-Identified 3 basic types of government
-Encouraged separation of powers

Wollstonecraft

-Founder of modern European and American movement for Natural Rights
-Pointed out that the power men had over women was wrong

Laissesz-Faire

Government to leave the society alone. This would positively affect society because people are free to pursue and make money how they want to which would attract more funds for the economy.

Enlightenment

-New way of thinking about culture, government, people, and the arts.
-Europe
-1700's

Hobbes

-People are born naturally bad
-believed in a monarchy
-supported the roman catholic church

Natural Rights

Life, Liberty, and Property

3 Enlightenment thinkers that were friends

Locke, Montesquieu, and Voltaire

Order of documents

1. Common Sense
2. Declaration of Independence
3. Articles of Confederation
4. Constitution
5. Bill of Rights

Absolutism

Total control by a monarch. Supported by the Roman Catholic Church.

Joseph II

-Austria
-Ruled with his mom
-Tried to flip Austria: unsuccessful

Catherine the Great

-Expanded Russia
-Killed her husband

Frederick the Great

-Prussia
-Abolished torture
-Expanded land

Frederick I

-Formed the 4th largest military
-Prussia

Scientific Revolution

-A new way of thinking
-Challenged the church
-Europe
-Mid 1500's

Isaac Newton

-Supporter of the Heliocentric theory
-Created the laws of gravity

Cavendish

-First scientist
-Advocated for naturalism

Boyle

Father of modern chemistry

Harvey

Discovered and specialized in circulation of blood and heart

Winkelmann

-Astronomer
-Discovered a comet

Descartes

-Rationalism
-Scientific Method

Rationalism

belief in reason and logic as the primary source of knowledge

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by importing and exporting