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Simple Fracture
-Bone breaks cleanly, but does not penetrate skin
-Sometimes called "closed fracture"
Compound Fracture
-Bone ends of the bone protrude through soft tissue & the skin.
-An open fracture. More serious than a simple fracture; may result in a severe bone infection (osteomyelitis), requiring massive doses of antibiotics.
Comminuted Fracture
-Bone breaks into many fragments.
-Particularly common in the aged, whose bones tend to be more brittle.
Compression Fracture
-Bone is crushed.
-Common in ports bones (osteoporotic).
Depressed Fracture
-Broken bone portion is pressed inward.
-Typical of skull fractures.
Impacted Fracture
-Broken bone ends are forced into each other.
- Commonly occurs when one falls and attempts to break the fall with outstretched arms; also common of hip fractures
Spiral Fracture
-Ragged break occurs when excess twisting forces are applied to a bone.
- Common sports fracture
Greenstick Fracture
-Bones break incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks
-Common in children, whose bones have relatively more collagen in their matrix and are more flexible than those of adults.