Anatomy terminology lab 1 (copy)

Anatomical position/standard position

Anatomical position/standard position

standing erect, looking straight ahead, arms at the sides, fingers straight, and palms facing forward thumbs facing outwards of body

Anterior/ ventral

toward the front of the body ex. nose and eyes are on the anterior aspect of the head

Posterior/dorsal

toward the back of the body ex. the vertebral column is located in the posterior portion of the body

Superior/ cranial

upward or toward the head ex. the chest is superior to the hips

inferior/ caudal

downward or away from the head

Medial

toward the vertical midline of the body

Lateral

the opposite of medial, away from the midline of the body

proximal

closer to the point of attachment

distal

farther away from the point of attachment

superficial

toward the surface of the body

deep

away from the surface of the body

parietal

toward the outer wall of a body cavity

visceral

pertaining to the covering of an organ, shiny surface

Midsagittal

a cut from anterior to posterior, separating the body into right and left halves

parasagittal

a section parallel to a midsagittal plane

transverse/ cross section

a cut in a horizontal plane separating the body into upper and lower portions

coronal (frontal)

a section through the body which produces a front (anterior) portion and a back (posterior) portion.

cranial

skull

cephalic

head

frontal

forehead

mental

chin

buccal

cheek

cervical

neck

acromial

shoulder

axillary

armpit

brachial

arm

antebrachial

forearm

cubital (olecranal)

elbow

antecubital

front of elbow

carpal

wrist

pollex

thumb

visceral

internal organ

somatic

related to body

coxal

hip

gluteal

buttock

inguinal

groin

pubic

genital

perineal

between anus and external genitalia

Crural

leg

femoral

thigh

patellar

knee

popliteal

back of knee

Calcaneal

heel of foot

plantar

sole of foot

hallux

big toe

cranial cavity

located in the skull and contains the brain

spinal cavity

located within the spinal column, surrounds and protects the spinal cord

orbital cavity

for the eyes

nasal cavity

located within and posterior to the nose

buccal cavity

the space behind the mouth

thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs, superior to diaphragm

abdominal cavity

contains primarily the major organs of digestion, inferior to the diaphragm

pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum, formed by hip bones

Four quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity

Right upper quadrant (RUQ) Left upper quadrant (LUQ) Right lower quadrant (RLQ) Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

nine abdominopelvic regions

right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

flexion

bending a joint towards the body

extension

bending a joint away from the body

rotation

moving a part around an axis (twisting the head from side to side)

circumduction

the circular movement at the far end of a limb (moving head in a circular motion)

abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body (going out)

adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body (going in)

supination

turning the palm upward

pronation

turning the palm downward

inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

opposition

moving the thumb to oppose the rest of the fingers

elevation

movement of the lower jaw upward (closed)

depression

movement of the lower jaw downward (open)

protraction

movement of the lower jaw forward

retraction

movement of the lower jaw backward

head

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck (top of femur)

Condyle

rounded articular projection (bottom of femur)

facet

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

fossa

Shallow, basin like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface

fovea

tiny pit or depression

ramus

armlike bar of bone (jawline)

Tuberosity

large rounded projection

Tubercle

small rounded projection

process

any bony prominence (spine)

crest

narrow ridge of bone

line

Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest

spine

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Epicondyle

Raised area on or above a condyle

foramen

Round or oval opening through a bone (whole in pelvis)

meatus

canal-like passageway

groove

a furrow in the bone

sulcus

a very shallow furrow

fissure

Narrow, slit like opening

notch

indentation at the edge of a bone

sinus

Air-filled cavity within a bone