CHEM 53.10 - Amino Acids 01 & Peptide Bond (Different quizlet deck for the 20 amino acids)

Enzymes

Type of protein that catalyze biochemical reactions

Hormones

Type of protein that regulates body functions by carrying messages to recep

Storage Proteins

Type of protein that make essential substances available when needed

Transport Proteins

Type of protein that carry substances through body fluids

Structural Proteins

Type of protein that provide mechanical shape and support

Protective Proteins

Type of protein that defend the body against foreign matter

Contractile Proteins

Type of protein that does mechanical work

False

T or F: The standard amino acids are the ones used when proteins are synthesized during transcription

R group

Group or side chain that distinguishes amino acids from each other

19

Number of amino acids that are chiral

L

Most naturally occurring amino acids are ___ (L/D)

Left

L-amino acids have the amino group on the ___ (right/left)

Right

D-amino acids have the amino group on the ____ (right/left)

Outwards

The amino group and hydrogen atom in an amino acid are pointing ____

9

Number of amino acids that are essential or cannot be synthesized by the organism. It must be supplied in the diet

Hydrophobic amino acids

Amino acids that have nonpolar side chains and react poorly with water

Hydrophobic amino acids

Amino acids that mostly have aliphatic chains

Interior

Hydrophobic amino acids are almost always located in/on the ____ of a protein.

Polar amino acids

Amino acids that can interact with water

Polar amino acids

Amino acids that you can find on the water-exposed surface of proteins

True

T or F: Polar amino acids can be found in both the exterior and interior of a protein

True

T or F: Glycine is neither hydrophobic nor charged

True

T or F: You can find charged amino acids on a protein’s surface

False

T or F: Amino acids can no longer undergo modification after translation

Isoelectric Point

Refers to the pH at which the protein molecule will be neutral as a whole

½, pk1, pk2

Complete the equation: pI = ___ ( ___ + ___)

Carbonyl C, amino

In a peptide bond, the ___ atom and the ___ group joins

H2O

By-product of a peptide bond formation

False

T or F: A peptide bond cannot freely rotate along the C=O bond

N, C

Proteins are synthesized in the __-terminus to the ___-terminus direction

Carbonyl C, amino

The alpha carbon in an amino acid is the C atom where the ___ atom and the ___ group are attached

50, thousand

A polypeptide can have ___ to ___ amino acids

Oligopeptides

Term used to describe polypeptide chains with up to 40 residues

Daltons

Molecular weight in proteins are typically expressed in ___ or kilo___

g/mol

A dalton is equivalent to ___